The current pandemic of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 has increased the anxiety and fear experienced by many. The main objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish-translated version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) using a sample of population in Peru. This is a cross-sectional instrumental study. Data were collected by a convenience sampling method, resulting in a total of 832 participants, and the collection took place over 1 week, April 17-23, 2020. The original version of the FCV-19S was translated from English into Spanish. The results support a bifactor model consisting of one general factor and two specific factors-one of emotional fear reactions and another of somatic expressions of fear of COVID-19 (CFI = 0.988, RMSEA = 0.075). Invariance between healthcare workers and age groups was reached (ΔCFI < 0.01), but the invariance between men and women was not met (ΔCFI = 0.02). Convergent validity was found with depressive, anxious, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The general factor of the fear of COVID-19 and two specific factors had an optimal level of internal consistency (ω > 0.89 and α > 0.83). The study found the Spanish-translated version of the FCV-19S has good psychometric properties and presents evidence of validity and reliability.
Desde diciembre de 2019 se han reportado 414 179 casos de personas con la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19). Como resultado del rápido incremento de casos confirmados y muertes, la población general y el personal de salud experimentaron problemas psicológicos, como ansiedad, depresión y estrés. Si bien la información científica sobre la COVID-19 se incrementa constantemente, esta se centra en los aspectos genéticos y epidemiológicos del virus y en las medidas de salud pública, dejando de lado los posibles efectos en la salud mental. Con la finalidad de resumir la evidencia actual, presentamos una revisión narrativa de los efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la salud mental. Hasta el momento, se ha informado la presencia de ansiedad, depresión y reacción al estrés en la población general. Además, en el personal de salud también se han encontrado problemas de salud mental, especialmente en las profesionales mujeres, el personal de enfermeria y aquellos que trabajan directamente con casos sospechosos o confirmados de COVID-19. En los esfuerzos realizados para disminuir la propagación de la enfermedad, se debe prestar atención al diagnóstico y tratamiento de los problemas de salud mental. Creemos que abordarlos adecuadamente empoderará al Perú en la contención y erradicación de la COVID-19.
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