No abstract

According to a statistical review (2018) in Latvia, there are more than one thousand women (n = 1266) with the diagnosis of breast cancer. Assessments of anthropometrical parameters were made according to the World Health Organisation recommendations for morbidity risk analysis. The aim of the study was to determine the differences and changes of anthropometric parameters and indices in a control group and in a clinical group (initial oncological diagnosis without treatment intervention). We examined women in their postmenopausal period. The control group included apparently healthy women (n = 181) and the clinical group included women (n = 44) with initial oncological diagnosis (breast cancer 1st and 2nd stage). In order to assess body anthropometric characteristics we used the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist/height ratio and skin fold thickness measurement. The study results were assessed using statistical analyses in the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0 software: Shapiro–Wilk and Mann–Whitney tests with a two-tailed p-value < 0.05). The analysis of statistical data showed that, despite the low number of patients in the clinical group, we found a significantly lower waist-to-hip ratio, skinfold thickness above m. biceps brachii, skinfold thickness above m. triceps brachii, and subscapular and suprailiac skin fold thickness in this group.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate changes in main anthropometric parameters such as height, body mass, and body circumferences (chest, upper arm) in different age groups from childhood to adulthood in healthy females in Latvia and to determine the active growing age periods and the impact of tobacco use on anthropometric parameters. We provided a health well-being questionnaire concerning lifestyle and tobacco use. In the present study, we assessed the body mass index (BMI) values to identify body mass index-defined overweight and obesity. The levels of the body mass index exceeded the standard data only in a small number of the examined persons. Body composition data and the body mass index are used as an index of obesity as a standard practice by many clinicians according the recommendations of health authorities as a basis for health behaviour and physical activities to preserve physical and mental health. A significant correlation has been previously reported between anthropometric characteristics, physical activity and health capacity. The study data were collected with the participants’ informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using a statistics program. The body mass index is the respondents’ major characteristic which describes the physical condition and nutrition level in any age group. Tobacco use by the mother during the pregnancy period has an influence on the child’s body mass and body mass index values that were fixed for girls in the 1st and 2nd childhood periods. Intensive increase in anthropometric parameters was observed during the transition from the adolescence to the youth period.

ВведениеÏåðâîé íàó÷íîé ðàáîòîé â Ëàòâèè, õàðàêòåðèçóþùåé ôèçè÷åñêîå ðàçâèòèå aeåíùèí, ÿâëÿåòñÿ äîêòîðñêàÿ äèññåðòàöèÿ Ë. Êðàñòèíè-Åðóìû [Êðàñòèíè-Åðóìà, 1934], êîòîðàÿ îñíîâàíà íà èññëåäîâàíèè áîëüøîãî àíòðîïîìåòðè÷åñêîãî ìàòåðèàëà (1000 aeåíùèí ëàòûøñêîé íàöèîíàëüíîñòè â âîçðàñòå 18-45 ëåò ã. Ðèãè). Àâòîð óñòàíîâèëà ñâÿçü ìåaeäó ôèçè÷åñêèì ðàçâèòèåì è óñëîâèÿìè òðóäà. Ïî å¸ äàííûì, ðîñò aeåíùèí çàíèìàþùèõñÿ ôèçè÷åñêèì òðóäîì íà 2 ñì íèaeå ðîñòà aeåíùèí çàíèìàþùèõñÿ óìñòâåííûì òðóäîì.  2005 ãîäó äîêòîð Äç. Êàaeîêà çàêîí÷èëà ñáîð ìàòåðèàëà ïî èçó÷åíèþ ôèçè÷åñêîãî ðàçâèòèÿ aeåíùèí (873 aeåíùèí â âîçðàñòå 18-74 ãîäà).  ñâîåé ðàáîòå îíà îáñëåäîâàëà è ïðîàíàëèçèðîâàëà ôèçè÷åñêîå ðàçâèòèå aeåíùèí ïîïóëÿöèè Ëàòâèè, ñðàâíèâàëà ïàðàìåòðû ïî íàöèîíàëüíîé ïðèíàäëåaeíîñòè ïî 4-ì ðåãèîíàì Ëàòâèè. Ýòî îáñëåäîâàíèå ïðîâîäèëîñü äî ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî êðèçèñà â Ëàòâèè [Êàaeîêà, 2005]. Áîëåå äåñÿòè ëåò â Ëàòâèè óõóäøàþòñÿ ñîöèàëüíî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå óñëîâèÿ è êà÷åñòâî ïðîäóêòîâ ïèòàíèÿ, óâåëè÷èâàþòñÿ áåçðàáîòèöà è âûåçä íàñåëåíèÿ, ïîíèaeàåòñÿ ðîaeäàåìîñòü, óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ ìàëîïîäâèaeíûé Е. Станкевича, Л. Плявиня, С. Умбрашко, И. Дулевска Рижский университет имени Страдиня, Институт анатомии и антропологии, бульвар Кронвальда д. 9, ЛВ 1010, Рига, Латвия АНАЛИЗ АНТРОПОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ У ЖЕНЩИН СТАРШЕ 40 ЛЕТ В ЛАТВИИ Ââåäåíèå. Âñåìèðíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ çäðàâîîõðàíåíèÿ (ÂÎÇ) ðåêîìåíäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü àíòðî-ïîìåòðè÷åñêèå ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ îöåíêè ñòåïåíè èçáûòî÷íîé ìàññû òåëà è îaeèðåíèÿ ñðåäè âçðîñëîãî íàñåëåíèÿ, ÿâëÿþùèõñÿ îäíèì èç ôàêòîðîâ ðèñêà ðàçâèòèÿ íàðóøåíèé îáìåíà âåùåñòâ è ñåðäå÷íî-ñîñóäèñòîé ïàòîëîãèè. Öåëüþ íàøåãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ îïðåäåëåíèå âàðèàöèé àí-òðîïîìåòðè÷åñêèõ ïîêàçàòåëåé aeåíñêîãî íàñåëåíèÿ Ëàòâèè. Ìàòåðèàë è ìåòîäû. Èçìåðåíèÿ ïðîâîäèëèñü â aeåíñêèõ êîëëåêòèâàõ ðàçíûõ ó÷ðåaeäåíèÿõ. Âûáîðêà âêëþ÷èëà â ñåáÿ 200 aeåíùèí â âîçðàñòå 40 -65 ëåò Íàìè ïðîâåäåíà îöåíêà àíòðîïîìåòðè-÷åñêèõ ïîêàçàòåëåé aeåíùèí, òàêèõ êàê äëèíà òåëà (ñì), âåñ òåëà (êã), îáõâàò òàëèè è îáõâàò ÿãîäèö (ñì), è ïðîâåä¸í ðàñ÷¸ò ñðåäíèõ ñòàòèñòè÷åñêèõ ïàðàìåòðîâ, èíäåêñà ìàññû òåëà (ÈÌÒ) è ñîîòíîøåíèÿ îáõâàòîâ òàëèè è á¸äåð (èíäåêñ òàëèè/á¸äåð -ÈÒÁ). Ðåñïîíäåíòû -aeåíùèíû èññëåäóåìîé ãðóïïû áûëè ðàçäåëåíû íà ïÿòü âîçðàñòíûõ ïîäãðóïï, â êàaeäîé áûë ïðîâåä¸í ñðàâíèòåëüíûé àíàëèç àíòðîïîìåòðè÷åñêèõ ïàðàìåòðîâ. Ðåçóëüòàòû. Íàìè çàôèêñèðîâàí âûñîêèé ïîêàçàòåëü ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ èçáûòî÷íîãî âåñà è îaeèðåíèÿ â èçó÷åííûõ ãðóïïàõ aeåíùèí. Çàêëþ÷åíèå. Àíàëèç èññëåäîâàííûõ àíòðîïîìåòðè÷åñêèõ ïàðàìåòðîâ, ÈÌÒ è ÈÒÁ ó aeåíùèí Ëàòâèè ñòàðøå 40 ëåò ïîêàçàë, ÷òî ñðåäíåñòàòèñòè÷åñêèå çíà÷åíèÿ ÈÌÒ âî âñåõ ãðóïïàõ ïðåâûøàëè ñðåäíèé óðîâåíü ÈÌÒ (áîëåå 25) ïî ñòàíäàðòàì ÂÎÇ.  êàaeäîé èññëåäóåìîé ïîäãðóïïå áûëè aeåíùèíû ñ îaeèðåíèåì êëàññà III, ó êîòîðûõ ÈÌÒ e" 40 ïî ñòàíäàðòàì ÂÎÇ. Ìû îïðåäåëèëè ñòàòè-ñòè÷åñêè çíà÷èìûå ðàçëè÷èÿ ìåaeäó âñåìè ïÿòüþ âîçðàñòíûìè ïîäãðóïïàìè ïî âåñó òåëà, äëèíå òåëà è çíà÷åíèþ ÈÌÒ. Àíàëèç àíòðîïîìåòðè÷åñêèõ äàííûõ ïîêàçàë, ÷òî áîëüøèíñòâî îáñëåäîâàííûõ ðåñïîíäåíòîâ -aeåíùèí èìåþò óìåðåííûé ðèñê äëÿ çäîðîâüÿ, ÷òî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî ÈÒÁ ó âñåõ îáñëåäîâàíí...