No abstract

Corn is one of the important food ingredients for Indonesian people, to maximize the important role of corn as a staple food for the community, it can be done by improving the psychology about their decision to manage and consume the corn. This research aims to find out the effect of farmers’ psychological factors on the application of fermentation bose corn technology in Setetes Madu Fatuleu farmer group association. This research was held in Camplong village II Fatuleu District Kupang Regency of East Nusa Tenggara using quantitative research as an explanation survey research method and the participants of all Setetes Madu Fatuleu Farmer Group Association that cultivate the corn is amount 55 participants. Data analysis in this research using multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed: (1) psychological factors consisting of knowledge, motivation and attitudes together had a significant effect of 53,8% on the application of fermented bose corn technology in Setetes Madu Fatuleu Farmers Group Association, (2) psychological factors consisting of knowledge and each motivation has a significant effect of 46,6% for knowledge and 27,2% for the motivation factor of participant Setetes Madu Fatuleu Farmers Group Association on the application of fermented bose corn technology, while the attitude factor of the Setetes Madu Fatuleu Farmers has no effect on the application of fermentation bose corn technology.

ABSTACTCandlenut (Aleurites moluccana) is a plant with a productivity of 0.6 tons / ha. Processing of candlenut produces shell waste reaching 193.36 kg / ton. Analysis of the caloric value contained in the pecan shell reaches 0.021 MJ / gr, so the energy contained in the pecan shell is 21 MJ / ton with the total energy produced from the pecan shell reaching 4060.56 MJ / year, but until now the hazelnut waste has not utilized. Agricultural waste, which is generally in the form of solids, can use energy in a simpler form through the gasification process. One way to convert candlenut waste is through the gasification process using an updraft gasifier. The treatment level (air flow rate) is tried to produce syngas, namely: v1 (366.07 l / minute), v2 (462.09 l / minute), and v3 (545.11 l / minute). The results show that updraft gasifiers can produce gas (syngas), and are used as a source of heat energy for roasting and drying processes. The best gasification performance in the updraft gasifier occurs at the v2 air flow rate (462.09 l / minute) which is the length of the syngas ignition reaches 48 minutes / 4 kg material or 16 minutes / kg material. Average ignition temperature of syngas 600 0 C. The source of heat energy produced from candlenut shell biomass can be used for the process of drying and roasting agricultural produce. ABSTRAKKemiri (Aleurites moluccana) merupakan tanaman dengan produktivitas 0,6 ton/ha. Pengolahan kemiri menghasilkan limbah berupa tempurung mencapai 193,36 kg/ton. Analisis nilai kalori yang terkandung dalam tempurung kemiri mencapai 0,021 MJ/gr, sehingga energi yang terkandung pada tempurung kemiri sebesar 21 MJ/ton dengan total energi yang dihasilkan dari tempurung kemiri mencapai 4060,56 MJ/tahun, namun sampai saat ini limbah tempurung kemiri belum dimanfaatkan. Limbah pertanian yang umumnya berupa padatan, dapat dimanfaatkan energinya dalam bentuk yang lebih sederhana melalui proses gasifikasi. Salah satu cara untuk konversi limbah tempurung kemiri adalah melalui proses gasifikasi menggunakan updraft gasifier. Level perlakuan (laju aliran udara) yang dicobakan untuk menghasilkan syngas yaitu: v1 (366.07 l/menit), v2 (462.09 l/menit), dan v3 (545.11 l/menit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan updraft gasifier dapat menghasilkan gas (syngas), dan digunakan sebagai sumber energi panas untuk proses penyangraian dan pengeringan. Kinerja gasifikasi terbaik pada updraft gasifier terjadi pada laju aliran udara v2 (462.09 l/menit) yaitu lama penyalaan syngas mencapai 48 menit/4 kg bahan atau 12 menit/kg bahan . Rata-rata suhu penyalaan berada pada kisaran 600 0 C. Sumber energi panas yang dihasilkan dari biomassa tempurung kemiri dapat digunakan untuk proses pengeringan dan penyangraian bahan hasil pertanian.

This study aims to examine the process of cleaning for synthesis gas (syngas) resulted from candlenut shell gasification by using a cyclone. Research was started by design or manufacture a cyclone as a tool that can condense the tar carried in the syngas produced from the gasification process. This tool was tested with by trial and error such that got a tool that can function optimally to condense tar. The syngas cleaning experiment using the cyclone was conducted by four treatments, namely S1 (1 cyclone), S2 (2 cyclones), S3 (3 cyclones), and S4 (4 cyclones).  All treatments were repeated 4 (four) times, so there were 16 experimental units. The parameter measured is the amount of tar that was condensed on the cyclone. Result showed that the syngas cleaning process using a cyclone worked well, and the best treatment was S3 (3 cyclones) with an average amount of condensed tar of 141.7 ml/kg of shell. The use of cyclones can condense tar and other particulates carried in the syngas. The cleaned syngas can be applied as fuel in an internal  combustion engine as a substitute for diesel and gasoline fuels.       Keywords: gasification, syngas, cleaning, cyclone