Vegetational diversity in agricultural systems is predicted to reduce herbivore populations, but we observed the opposite effect: higher nymph population densities of a functionally monophagous herbivore, the squash bug, Anasa tristis (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in a vegetationally diverse squash‐bean‐corn polyculture than in a squash monoculture. We examined spatial and temporal aspects of squash bug and predator populations in relation to vegetational diversity. Average colonization, oviposition, and mortality rates for the herbivore were similar in monocultures and polycultures. In the polyculture, however, we found that squash bugs eggs were highly aggregated on plants on the outer edges of plots. Predation was also lower on plants near the edges, allowing the large aggregations of eggs found in the polyculture to escape predation and ultimately produce more squash bugs. Spatial interactions between herbivores and natural enemies may underlie some of the general effects of vegetational diversity on herbivores.
Ihe original study on which this follow-up was based investigated the global self-efficacy of 28 incoming freshmen in a wilderness orientation program. According to Bandura (1998), self-efficacy is defined as a belief in one's ability to organize and execute the course of action required to attain a given outcome. Previous studies have supported the notion that adventure-based recreation increases self-efficacy (Davis-
The purpose of this study was to enhance awareness of the presence of ethics education within the allied health discipline of therapeutic recreation. To achieve this end, a curriculum audit was conducted in a therapeutic recreation course to determine the existence of ethics education within the course. Included topics, methods of delivery, and degree of student-initiation were all considered. Findings suggest the frequent presence of ethics content; however, an explicit connection between the course content and ethics was not always made. Discussion was found to be the main delivery method. Recommendations are discussed.
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