Introduction: Exposure to the clinical learning environment is indispensable for the nursing students as it provides experiences which are basic and significant to the development of professional skills as well as bridge the theory-practice gap. Despite the importance of clinical learning, nursing students’ attitudes in the clinical environment has been a concern.Purpose: This paper reviewed the attitude of nursing students towards work in the clinical learning environment.Method: Electronic searches using scholarly databases were employed and only significant articles that met the review objective were utilized.Findings: This review revealed that there is a high rate of unauthorized student nurses’ absenteeism as majority are absent from clinical work without permission. There is also an appalling display of lateness behavior as students arrive at work after the scheduled time. Interestingly, most students are willing to carry out procedures while some are nonchalant due to the stressful and anxiety provoking tasks. Student nurses felt that there is an unspoken comparison, discrimination and disrespect displayed by their seniors and medical colleagues towards them.Conclusion: There is overwhelming evidence from literature supporting the negative attitudes of nursing students in the clinical environment. It was therefore recommended that students should be psychologically prepared in their schools before exposure to the clinical environment. There should be an effort to build students’ self-esteem and professional self-concept by the relevant authorities. Finally, to bridge the rift between inter-professionals, there is need for more social interaction opportunities where everyone will value what each member contributes to the team.

Information on COVID-19 has evolved and blended with fake news, which the public, unfortunately, has to make an individual decision on how to use. As a result, access to authentic and adequate health information on COVID-19 is crucial for curbing the ongoing pandemic. The study was aimed at identifying sources of information on COVID-19 commonly used by adult Nigerian residents; determine the adequacy of information received; determine the accessibility of information on COVID-19 among Nigerians, and explore the relationship between location and access to information. An adapted version of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) COVID-19 behavioral insight questionnaire was used to collect data from 1,039 adult residents in Nigeria across the geopolitical zones through an online survey. Analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Logistic regression was used to examine if location predicts access to information. Social media was identified as the major source of information among Nigerians. The top three accessible sources included social media 807(77.7%), television 546 (52.6%), and WHO websites 340 (32.7%). It was also found that they perceived information received on COVID-19 as adequate. The logistic regression model of the location did not predict access to COVID-19 information (p<0.05; 95% CI). Health authorities like the WHO, the ministry of health, CDC should optimize social media for better health information coverage.

Introduction access to COVID-19 related information is fundamental to making accurate decisions and performing evidence-based actions aimed to control its spread and improve health. This study assessed pattern and perceived benefits of COVID-19 related information in Nigeria. Methods a descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among adult Nigerian residents aged 18-years and above in the geopolitical zones using multistage sampling strategy. Questionnaire developed by World Health Organization (WHO) was adapted and pretested. Descriptive statistics were carried on the data and presented in frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics (Chi-square) was used to test differences between some categorical variables. Data obtained were analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 22. Results from responses, 498 (47.9%) of participants highly desired information on COVID-19, while 311 (29.9%) frequently sought COVID-19 information. Majority 647 (62.3%) were interested in getting information on treatment protocols/home remedies for COVID-19 prevention. Also, 934 (89.9%) found information on COVID-19 beneficial. A significant difference existed between male and female respondents regarding government guidelines on public interaction (p=0.026) and home remedies to prevent COVID-19 infection (p=0.013). Consistently, more urban residents than rural sought information on majority of the COVID-19 related information. Conclusion information on COVID-19 is highly sought by Nigerian residents and such should be widely disseminated regularly through authentic and verified social media channels. Nigerians are highly desirous of information on treatment protocols and home remedies to prevent COVID-19. Adequate provision of accurate and timely information by authorities through trusted sources will improve health literacy and help curb the spread of COVID-19.

Introduction: Healthcare waste is the total waste both solid and liquid from healthcare establishment and laboratories. A hospital produces waste by giving their services to the patients. Purpose: This study examined the microbial load of waste from selected healthcare facilities in Aba metropolis, Abia State. Methodology: Tenfold serial dilution was used for processing of all the samples. After the dilutions, exactly 0.5ml of each the sample was planted on the media using the spread plate method and evaluated using the standard microbiological techniques. Results: The viable count (TVC) ranged from 1.0×103cfu/g to 0.3×108cfu/g, coliform count (TCC) ranged from 0.4×102 cfu/g to 4.2×104 cfu/g, staphylococcal count (TSC) ranged from 1.0×101 cfu/g to 1.4×102 and fungal counts ranged from 2.0×102 cfu/g to 0.8×103cfu/g in the microbial count of various waste samples within the Aba metropolis, Abia State. The laboratory waste had the highest microbial counts, followed by the Out-patient department waste and the least was the pharmaceutical waste. The microorganisms isolated from the hospital wastes were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, A. Fumigatus, Candida albicans and among others. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This research has revealed that healthcare waste contained pathogens with high microbial load densities, suggesting that the hospital wastes may pose a major health and environmental threat, if not properly managed. The study recommends that, the government should ensure that there is a policy on hospital waste management in line with recommended international best practices, which should be monitored and enforced.