The results of this study demonstrate that IGF-1 and TGF-beta1 can act in combination to regulate proliferation and differentiation of periosteal mesenchymal cells during chondrogenesis.

For colorectal liver metastases, minor resections offer a prolonged survival compared to major hepatectomies. As patients with stage IV colorectal disease are candidates for repeat resections, preservation of hepatic parenchyma is of increasing importance in the setting of multi-modal and repeated therapy approaches.

Antiseptic-coated loop Vicryl suture for abdominal wall closure can be superior to PDSII sutures in respect to the development of wound infections after a two-layered closure of transverse laparotomy.

: Our data indicate that DPO significantly enhances the hepatectomy-induced stimulation of colorectal liver metastatic growth by increasing neovascularization, suppressing intratumoral leukocyte recruitment, and reducing tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, EPOs may not be used in patients undergoing hepatectomy for malignant tumor resection.

Unresectable colorectal liver metastases are commonly treated with systemic chemotherapy (SCT). Clinical studies on the effect of additional systemic application of bevacizumab (BE), a monoclonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor, to SCT showed a slight increase of patient survival. Herein, we studied in a rat model of colorectal liver metastasis whether a locoregional application of oxaliplatin (OX) and BE via hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) is more effective to inhibit metastatic growth compared to systemic drug application. Ten days after implantation of CC531 colorectal cancer cells into the left liver lobe of WAG/Rij rats, animals underwent either HAI or systemic intravenous application of BE (5 mg/kg body weight), OX (85 mg/m(2) body surface) or a combination of both. Sham-treated animals received saline and served as controls. Tumor volume was measured at days 10 and 13 using three dimensional ultrasound. At day 13 tumor tissue was analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. Systemic application of OX, BE or their combination did not affect tumor volume when compared to controls. In contrast, HAI of BE and particularly the combination of BE and OX significantly reduced tumor volume. In the tumor tissue this was associated with a decrease of vascularization and cell proliferation as well as an increase of cell apoptosis, as indicated by a decreased number of PECAM-1- and PCNA-positive cells and an increased number of cleaved caspase-3-positive cells. Locoregional administration of BE, particularly in combination with OX, enhances the inhibitory effect on hepatic metastatic growth compared to systemic application of the drugs.