In tandem with the fast expansion of the pet-economy industry, the present ageing research has been noticing the function of probiotics in extending the healthy lifetime of domestic animals. In this study, we aimed to understand the bacterial compositions of canine feces and isolating lactic acid bacteria as commensal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as novel potential probiotics for the use of anti-aging using Caenorhabditis elegans surrogate animal model. Under an anaerobic culturomic and metagenomic analysis, a total of 305 commensal LAB were isolated from diverse domestic dogs, and four strains, Lactobacillus amylolyticus, L. salivarius, Enterococcus hirae and E. faecium, made prominence as commensal LAB by enhancing C. elegans life span and restored neuronal degeneration induced by aging by up-regulating skn-1, ser-7 and odr-3, 7, 10. Importantly, whole transcriptome results and integrative network analysis revealed extensive mRNA encoding protein domains and functional pathways of naturally aging C. elegans was examined and we built the gene informatics basis. Taken together, our finding proposed that a specific gene network corresponding to the pathways differentially expressed during the aging and selected commensal LAB as potential probiotic strains could be provided beneficial effects in the aging of domestic animals by modulating dynamics of gut microbiota.

Palm kernel expeller (PKE), a by-product of palm oil extraction, contains higher amounts of fiber than corn and soybean meal, but offers low energy density, protein value, and amino acid (AA) composition, limiting its use for swine. Recently however, it was reported that dietary fiber has a positive effect on the gut microbiota of the host, and therefore it is necessary to study the effect of PKE feeding on the intestinal microbiota of swine. In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation with PKE in lactation diets on the gut microbiota composition of lactating sows and their litters. A total of 12 sows were randomly assigned to two dietary treatment groups in a completely randomized design. The treatments were a diet based on corn-soybean meal (CON) and CON supplemented with 20% of PKE. Sow and piglet fecal samples were collected before farrowing, on days 7 and 28 (weaning) after farrowing, and on days 7 and 28 (weaning) after farrowing, respectively, to verify gut microbiota composition by pyrosequencing analysis. The beta-diversity result showed a significant difference only in weaning-stage piglets, but dietary PKE altered the gut microbiota in sows by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus compared with CON. In piglets, dietary PKE decreased the abundance of opportunistic pathogen Proteus and increased the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Prevotellaceae and Prevotella. Our results can be helpful in developing feeding strategies and support the beneficial effects of dietary PKE to improve the gut health of animals.