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IMPORTANCE Although almost equal numbers of male and female medical students enter into ophthalmology residency programs, whether they have similar surgical experiences during training is unclear.OBJECTIVE To determine differences for cataract surgery and total procedural volume between male and female residents during ophthalmology residency.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PROTOCOL AND REVIEWCochrane methodology regarding assessments of the risk of bias in included studies has been modified and the review authors updated the 'Assessment of risk of bias in included studies' section of the methods to reflect updated methodological considerations. HHS Public Access AbstractBackground-Age-related cataract is a major cause of visual impairment in the elderly. Oxidative stress has been implicated in its formation and progression. Antioxidant vitamin supplementation has been investigated in this context.

Orbital fractures are very common after facial trauma. The assessment of a patient with a suspected orbital wall injury includes a detailed oculofacial examination as well as radiologic imaging. Surgical repair with or without an implant may be indicated for diplopia, enophthalmos, or both. Cicatricial eyelid malposition is an iatrogenic complication commonly due to poor orbitotomy technique. Optimal repair involves direct exposure of the perimeter of the fractures' site through surgical planes that minimally scar the eyelids. A wide variety of implant options exist; however, thin, pliable, nonadherent materials such as nylon foil may offer several advantages. The authors describe the evaluation and management of orbital wall fractures.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the value and role of patient’s education videos in the informed consent process for patients undergoing preoperative assessment of cataracts.DesignThe study is a single-center prospective randomized controlled trial.Subjects, participants, and/or controlsParticipants enrolled in this study were specifically those undergoing first-time phacoemulsification cataract surgery with the placement of a monofocal lens implant.Participants and methodsSubjects were randomized to either face-to-face surgeon-informed consent with a preceding education video or face-to-face surgeon-informed consent alone.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measures assessed were time to complete the informed consent process, patient’s satisfaction, and patient’s comprehension.ResultsThe video and control groups were similar in satisfaction (4.67±0.104 video vs. 4.53±0.133 control; P=0.43) and comprehension (79.4%±2.82% video vs. 79.3%±3.39% control; P=0.99). Counseling time was statistically significantly different (117.5±10.9 seconds video versus 241.6±13.0 seconds control; P<0.0001).ConclusionUse of a patient’s education video for cataract surgery was associated with reduced physician counseling time yet similar comprehension and patient-reported satisfaction when compared with traditional counseling methods.