The positive results on the child primary outcome measures have provided initial evidence of the family-based mindfulness intervention as a treatment option to ADHD. The reduction of parental stress and increase in psychological well-being has demonstrated the value of mindfulness in enhancing parent's self-management.

BackgroundAlthough the health benefits of volunteering have been well documented, no research has examined its cumulative effects according to other-oriented and self-oriented volunteering on multiple health outcomes in the general adult public. This study examined other-oriented and self-oriented volunteering in cumulative contribution to health outcomes (mental and physical health, life satisfaction, social well-being and depression).MethodsData were drawn from the Survey of Texas Adults 2004, which contains a statewide population-based sample of adults (n = 1504). Multivariate linear regression and Wald test of parameters equivalence constraint were used to test the relationships.ResultsBoth forms of volunteering were significantly related to better health outcomes (odds ratios = 3.66% to 11.11%), except the effect of self-oriented volunteering on depression. Other-oriented volunteering was found to have better health benefits than did self-volunteering.ConclusionVolunteering should be promoted by public health, education and policy practitioners as a kind of healthy lifestyle, especially for the social subgroups of elders, ethnic minorities, those with little education, single people, and unemployed people, who generally have poorer health and less participation in volunteering.

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In this meta-analysis, the magnitude of the protective effects of religiosity on youth involvement in substance use was investigated. Based on 22 studies in peer-reviewed journals published between 1995 and 2007, the average weighted mean correlation was Zr = .16, significant regardless of the definitions of religiosity. The homogeneity test of variance showed consistent protective effects of religiosity on four types of substance use, namely, alcohol, cigarette, marijuana, and other illicit drugs.

Mindful parenting (MP) is an emerging concept that refers to parenting in which practices and principles of mindfulness are integrated into parents' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. In particular, attitudes of compassion, acceptance, and kindness are emphasized in interactions with children (Bogels & Restifo, 2015;Duncan et al., 2009; Kabat-Zinn & Kabat-Zinn, 1997). Although it is possible to use behavioral observation to assess MP (Duncan et al., 2015), it is more common and convenient to use self-reported measure in this area of study. Duncan ( 2007) developed a brief 10-item self-report measure of mindful parenting, that was expanded to encompass five theorized dimensions of MP (Duncan et al., 2009) in the construction of a 31-item Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) scale: 1) listening with full attention to the child; 2) non-judgmental acceptance of the self and the child; 3) emotional awareness of the self and the child; 4) selfregulation in the parenting relationship; and 5) compassion for the self and the child. The IM-P has been shown to be sensitive to intervention change (Coatsworth et al., 2010;2015).The psychometric properties of the 31-item IM-P were studied in two published studies recently.The first one was based on three samples of 1177 mothers in the Netherlands (de Bruin et al., 2014). It was found that 29 items of the IM-P formed a six-factor structure, with emotional awareness of child, and emotional awareness of oneself as a parent separating into two distinct factors. Later a second study was conducted on three samples of 860 Portuguese parents (Moreira & Canavarro, 2017). 29 items of IM-P formed a five-factor structure, and the emotional awareness of self did not form a separate factor. Such findings suggested that more empirical studies are required to further investigate the measurement of MP.Further research on MP using the brief IM-P has shown, that MP is negatively correlated with parental depression, child internationalizing problems, and child externalizing problems, but not with observed positive or negative parenting (Parent et al., 2010). Another study found an indirect