Virtually every country has a problem with preserving protected wild animals, and some countries have their way of protecting animals through legal measures. Animals are a nation’s wealth, just as are forest timber and non-timber forest products. This asset has an economic value that is worth quantifying. Ecosystem assessment is becoming an increasingly crucial factor in determining how much the environment contributes to economic value. Such studies require additional monetary modeling and evaluation of non-market services. This research presents a willingness to pay (WTP) approach to calculate the value of protecting wild animal species. The study area was in North Sulawesi, one of Indonesia’s provinces located at the northern tip of Sulawesi Island. The questionnaire format for collecting data was the dichotomous choice contingency assessment method (DCCVM), and the sample size was 428 respondents. Based on willingness to pay, we assessed the contingency of single bounded dichotomous choice (SBDC) by estimating each protected animal’s average (mean) value in three classes, namely mammals, birds, and reptiles. The mean result of the monetary assessment of protected mammal species was IDR 1,801,870 (USD 124.27), IDR 836,670 (USD 57.70) for protected bird species, and IDR 819,700 (USD 56.53) for protected reptiles. Any loss in wild animals incurs a natural resource debt burden for future generations to repay, just as does forest loss. If we do not want to leave the forest empty for our future generations, we must continue implementing nature conservation measures, including the protection and restoration of wild animals.

Human activities that alter land cover have destroyed natural ecosystems and caused conflict. In Indonesia, community-based forest management (CBFM) policies implemented by the government seek to empower communities, ameliorate forest conversion, and reduce environmental conflict. This article critically assesses contemporary CBFM policy in Indonesia by analyzing its history and outcomes through policy analysis. To systematically review previous literature on CBFM, this research uses the PRISMA method. It finds that communities are often able to manage forest areas sustainably through sociocultural systems that combine management customs and culture. Empowerment through CBFM policy therefore promises to promote community subsistence, equity, and security regarding forest management. However, granting total resource rights to communities can result in land conversion unless managerial safeguards are in place. Many studies find that the clarity of land boundaries, the consistency of regulation, and the partiality of land governance drive CBFM program success. To facilitate land governance for the successful implementation of Indonesian social forestry, communities need access rights, authority to manage forests, and sufficient knowledge transfer to participate in formal forest management. In contrast to previous iterations of CBFM in Indonesia, current social forestry policy acknowledges these governance needs and seeks to implement them.

Background Countries around the world have been trying to cope with climate change. Unlike in the past, developing countries have gradually participated in improving greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the construction of regional carbon trading markets in countries along the the Belt and Road will play an important role in promoting the common economic and ecological development of all countries and the international leading position in the field of climate change. Theme and methods Taking 44 countries along the “the Belt and Road” as the research object, starting from the economic, financial, social, industrial and forest carbon sinks, entropy method and GIS are used to quantitatively analyze the risk of building a regional carbon market in countries along the Belt and Road. In order to study the impact of the “the Belt and Road” on people's emotional behavior, especially the anxiety factors of investors. The reliability and validity of QSC scale revised by Chinese Academy of Sciences were analyzed. The total correlation coefficients of venture capital decision-making, emotional anxiety, job stress and job satisfaction were greater than 0.5. The scale has high reliability. For effectiveness analysis, the scales used in each structure in this paper, this paper takes emotional labor as independent variable and work pressure as dependent variable to explore the impact of emotional labor on work pressure. The sense of organizational support (POS) is measured by 8 items of Lynch and others, such as “my organization cares about my goals and values”, “my organization cares about my welfare”, etc. Relevant studies show that the items of the scale are consistent with the theory and have good reliability and validity in China's organizational situation. Cronbach of the scale in this study α The coefficient is 0 752, the average variation extraction (AVE) was 0.05 58, with good reliability and validity. The sense of colleague support (PCS) is measured by morgenson and Humphrey's six items, such as: “I have the opportunity to develop close friendship at work”, “the people I work with are friendly”, etc. Cronbach of the scale in this study α The coefficient is 0 862, the average variation extraction (AVE) was 0.05 61, with good reliability and validity. Results We found that the carbon market risks of 44 countries along the the Belt and Road are quite different and unevenly distributed, and the carbon market construction environment shows a diversified trend. The proportion of industrial added value in GDP and the proportion of non rural population are important factors to be considered in the future regional carbon market construction of countries along the the Belt and Road; The proportion of broad money in GDP in financial risk and life expectancy in social risk have an important impact on the construction of regional carbon market. From the perspective of regional comprehensive evaluation, the China Singapore Economic Corridor has the lowest risk and the highest risk. In addition, from the perspective of investors' risk factors, fil and CPI are helpful to analyze and judge the financial supervision cycle. In addition, the model can also be used to predict the state of financial supervision, so as to understand the “psychological state” of the government in the implementation of financial supervision. However, this paper still needs further discussion. Firstly, the fuzzy division of financial supervision has the nature of qualitative analysis and still has strong subjectivity. Second, multicollinearity exists in models that use all seven factors. With the help of principal component analysis and factor analysis, the information of multiple indicators can reflect the information of all factors. It will be discussed in depth in the forthcoming paper. Especially as a global public health emergency, the severity of novel coronavirus disease has caused great panic in the world, shaken the minds of investors and triggered fluctuations in the stock market. The pandemic has had varying degrees of impact on drug inventory returns in the world's most affected countries. However, with the control of Internet public opinion and the stability of investor sentiment, the impact is significant in the short term. This will help China improve the stock market emergency mechanism and formulate phased and differentiated economic incentive policies. It provides a theoretical basis for investors to reasonably respond to the Belt and Road investment in an emergency. Conclusion China should speed up the construction process of regional carbon market, strengthen regional cooperation in ecological and environmental management, and build an ecological civilization exchange platform. In order to realize the net emission reduction of carbon dioxide and prevent the malicious transfer of carbon emissions, a unified trade mechanism must be established. Strengthen environmental protection in the process of regional carbon trading, and provide technical support for the construction of ecological civilization and environmental protection of the “the Belt and Road”. Acknowledgments This work was supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant numbers 2572020DZ09, 2572020DY06). Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Planning Project of Heilongjiang Province of China (21JYC240, 21JLB084).

The destruction of habitats in ecosystems, the rapid growth of the human population, and climate change have led to a decline in wildlife populations worldwide. It is therefore important to carry out a census and inventory of wild animal species, to determine their size, distribution, and status, especially in the context of accounting for forestry resources. Highlights are also given to the differences between a census and an inventory and how they are carried out. Such as censuses and inventories, how they help in monitoring and understanding animal populations, habitat changes, and developing conservation strategies, and how these approaches can be used to calculate the economic value of forests. This article concludes by discussing the impact of censuses and inventories on sustainable forest management and improving forest accounting by providing more accurate data. However, in carrying out the census and inventory of wild animals there are still obstacles such as limited funds, human resources, and adequate technology. So it is suggested that the need for support from the government, organizations and the community to increase the availability of resources needed to carry out censuses and inventories of wild animals.