Context Consumption of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and other chronic conditions commonly associated with obesity. Objective To analyze the effects of dietary AGEs on complications associated with obesity. Data sources This systematic review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched, using the terms “advanced glycation end products,” “overweight,” and “obesity.” The last search was performed in October 2018. Data extraction Six studies that evaluated the effects of low-AGE and high-AGE diets were included in the review. The duration of the studies ranged from 1 day to 12 weeks. A comparison of all the compiled data was conducted by the authors. Data analysis Circulating and urinary AGE markers, besides soluble receptor for AGEs, were considered as the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were cardiometabolic, inflammatory, glycemic, anthropometric, and renal markers. Conclusions AGE-RAGE interactions can activate the NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) signaling pathway and inhibit the PI3K-AKT pathway in adipocytes, which may explain their association with chronic diseases. This interaction can be considered as a novel explanation for the pathogenesis of obesity. AGEs can also be used as a biomarker for monitoring responses to dietary interventions in overweight and obese people. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018082745.

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Objective: To explored the relationship between UPF consumption and dietary, lifestyle, and social determinants using pathway analysis in the baseline of the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project). Design: Cross-sectional study, which path analysis was used to estimate direct and indirect effects of dietary practices, sleep, time on the computer, and professional status on UPF consumption. Setting: Data were collected in 2016, through an online questionnaire composed of sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary practices questions, and a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Participants: Baseline participants from the CUME Project (n=2,826), adults who graduated from Universidade Federal de Viçosa or Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. Results: Being employed (p = 0.024), the time spent on the computer (p = 0.031) and the frequency of fried food intake (p < 0.001) were positively and directly associated with UPF consumption, whereas the sleep duration (p = 0.007) and the number of meals per day (p < 0.001) were negatively and directly associated with UPF consumption. Indirect effects were observed between being employed, mediated by the sleep duration (p = 0.032) and fried food intake (p = 0.005), whereas being a student is mediated by the time on the computer (p = 0.048). Conclusion: The time spent on the computer, sleep duration, and fried food consumption showed direct effects on UPF consumption. They also acted as mediators on the relationship between professional status and UPF consumption. Besides, the number of meals eaten each day also was directly associated with UPF consumption.

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Preocupação com a saúde medeia a relação entre alegação de saúde e aceitação de barras alimentíciasHealth concern mediation relationship between health claim and acceptance of food bars