El cáncer de mama es la primera causa de muerte en mujeres y la segunda causa mundial de muerte. Los sitios comunes de metástasis son hígado, pulmón, cerebro y hueso. Las metástasis gastrointestinales son poco frecuentes, siendo el estómago el sitio más afectado, seguido del duodeno y el colon. El carcinoma ductal presenta metástasis con más frecuencia a pulmón, hueso e hígado, mientras que el lobulillar involucra mayormente el tracto gastrointestinal, superficie peritoneal y retroperitoneo. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 45 años con cáncer de mama de rápida instalación y progresión, tipo inflamatorio, lobulillar, HER-2 sobreexpresado, con tumoración a nivel de colón transverso con biopsia que corroboró metástasis a colon de primario de mama. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Google Schoolar y Pubmed/MEDLINE y se hallaron 40 casos; de acuerdo con lo encontrado, las metástasis a colon por cáncer de mama representan el tercer lugar de afectación del tracto gastrointestinal y el tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico del cáncer primario de mama hasta el diagnóstico de la metástasis a colon en promedio es de 6.9 años. El 50% corresponden a la histología lobulillar y el 35%, ductal. La mayoría expresa receptores de estrógenos (RE) y citoqueratinas (CK), principalmente CK7. Se debe realizar un adecuado abordaje en las pacientes que presenten sintomatología gastrointestinal o tumor intestinal, ya que el tratamiento es completamente diferente si es metastásico de mama o si se trata de un segundo tumor primario.
Introduction:Cervicouterine cancer (CC) is a health problem worldwide and is the fourth most common cancer in women, with a greater proportion of individuals affected by advanced stages of the disease in developing countries.Objective:To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the TruScreen™ opto-electronic device vs. conventional cytology in CC screenings.Methodology:This is a prospective observational study that included individuals who presented for the first time at the Dysplasia Clinic of the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología from March 1 through April 30, 2016, and those referred due to abnormal conventional cytology. The patients were evaluated with the TruScreen™ device, conventional cytology, colposcopy and, if necessary, cervical biopsy. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics as well as the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the TruScreen™, using conventional cytology as the standard.Results:Thirty-two patients were included who met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the patients was 40 years (range, 23–61 years). For the diagnosis of high-grade intraepithelial lesions, the TruScreen™ device showed a 43% sensitivity, a 92% specificity, a PPV of 60%, and a NPV of 85%, whereas evaluation via cervical biopsy exhibited a 33% sensitivity, an 86% specificity, a 33% PPV, and an 86% NPV. The Kappa agreement index of the TruScreen™ with the colposcopies was 0.70.Conclusions:TruScreen™ demonstrated low sensitivity and high specificity compared with conventional cytology, which had a high NPV.
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