No son pocas las señales de discriminación y exclusión social que por diferentes motivos siguen mostrando la profunda inequidad de derechos que viven y sufren numerosos segmentos y grupos de la sociedad contemporánea. Entre tales desigualdadesse encuentranla exclusión por razones étnicas,de géneroo discapacidades físicas, tres de las más reconocidas por su incidencia en esferas como la inserción laboraly su retribución salarial, la educación, donde siguen mostrándose con persistencia en las estadísticasque se exhiben a escala global, nacional y local. Elobjetivo del presente artículo consiste en describir el estado de algunos de esos indicadores y acercarse a su manifestación concreta en determinados espacios y sectores de la vida ecuatoriana en la actualidad, además de contraponer medidas y normativas que en este país se vienen adoptando para reducir brechas. Con este propósitose empleó como metodología el estudio de casos,conun enfoque esencialmente cualitativo, combinando el análisis documental y bibliográfico con variantesde entrevista, observación directa y resultados de una encuesta a 400 personas habitantes de la ciudad de Guayaquil objeto de discriminación racial o afectados por discapacidades físicas. Se concluye que en Ecuador son evidentes las desigualdades y exclusionespor motivos étnicos o de discapacidad, sobre todo en lo que se refiere al acceso al ámbito laboral.
The traditional media are currently immersed in an accelerated structural change, driven by the irruption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), which cause the emigration of their audiences towards other forms or modalities of reception and consumption. The appearance and popularization of the so-called social networks in the framework (ICT) brings with it a set of challenges for traditional radios. Consequently, the objective of the research consisted of describing some political challenges of the radio in the scenario of the digital revolution, as a condition of possibility to stop its extension as mass media. To achieve the proposed objective, the phenomenological and hermeneutical methodology was used with a predominance of documentary sources in digital format, which were analyzed and discussed to draw up the conclusions of the study. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the Ecuadorian state does not establish the necessary political guidelines to carry out a systematized and orderly transition from analog to digital broadcasting, which implies a technological backwardness in terms of ICT in the country.
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