The results show co-infection with multiple organisms during HSCT is relatively rare; however, these patients are at an increased risk for the development of acute graft-versus-host disease, delayed engraftment, and overall mortality.

After a hospital-wide formulary change resulted in the replacement of filgrastim with TBO-filgrastim for all on- and off-label indications, we performed a retrospective comparison of patients with myeloma receiving 200 mg/m(2) melphalan with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to see whether the type of growth factor used post-transplant made a difference. One hundred and eighty-two consecutive patients with myeloma were studied, 91 receiving filgrastim immediately prior to the change and 91 receiving TBO-filgrastim afterward. The CD34(+) cell dose was comparable, as were other characteristics. Although the overall time to neutrophil recovery was similar for both groups, early engraftment (≤ 12 d) occurred more often (p = 0.05), and late engraftment (≥ 14 d) less often (p = 0.09) in filgrastim-treated patients. The number of documented infections was significantly less in the TBO-filgrastim group. Day 100 mortality and hospital stay were similar for the two groups. These data indicate that there is no material difference between filgrastim and TBO-filgrastim in this clinical setting.

Breakthrough fungal infections occurred in only 2 patients (2%), thus in this select group of HSCT recipients, ABNS administration is associated with a very low rate of breakthrough infection.

peer, unblinded review. The rates of HAHO-CDI decreased from a cumulative of 73 per 10.000 patient-days to a rate of 23.8 per 10.000 patient-days, with no new cases during the last month of surveillance. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach to decrease rates of CDI including: education, enhanced environmental cleaning with review and feedback, and standard use of UVC pulsed technology was effective to reduce the rates of CDI in a bone marrow transplant unit.

Background Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is frequently used to manage caloric needs during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Previous studies in transplant patients who received TPN have reported widely discordant results with regard to infection and mortality, and risk factors for TPN-related infection remain unclear. Method We conducted a retrospective study of all HSCT recipients treated with TPN between 2005 to 2014 at Northwestern Memorial Hospital to determine the incidence and epidemiology of infections. Electronic records were used to identify patients treated with TPN for at least 2 days who developed infection. Results Among 198 patients treated with TPN, 30% developed documented infection. Total parenteral nutrition treatment duration (13 vs. 7 days; p < .0001) and the timing of TPN initiation (> day 9 post HSCT; p < .0001) were significantly higher in patients who received TPN and developed infection. Receipt of an allogeneic transplant was associated with increased risk for infection ( p < .0138), and day 60 mortality was significantly higher in TPN-treated patients with infection ( p < .0001). Conclusion Stem cell recipients who receive TPN, especially from an allogeneic donor, have high rates of infection and mortality. Minimizing TPN exposure may reduce the chance for infection.