This study examined rates of sustainability, defined as program continuation, and factors associated with sustainability 6 years after full implementation of five evidence-based practices in 49 sites in the National Implementing Evidence-Based Practices Project. Based on interviews with agency leaders and state leaders, 47 % of sites sustained the practice for 6 years, 16 % restarted the practice after a period of discontinuation, and 37 % discontinued the practice permanently. Agency leaders from discontinuing sites identified inadequate financial support, lack of prioritization, and workforce issues as barriers to continuation. Adequate financing, ongoing supervision, and monitoring of fidelity and outcome may promote long-term sustainability.

This article critically reviews 62 empirical studies that examine the prevalence of female perpetrated intimate partner violence across three distinct populations (adolescents, college students, and adults). All studies were published between 1996 and 2006 and reported prevalence rates of physical, emotional, and/or sexual violence perpetrated by females in heterosexual intimate relationships. The highest rates were found for emotional violence, followed by physical and sexual violence. Prevalence rates varied widely within each population, most likely due to methodological and sampling differences across studies. Few longitudinal studies existed, limiting the extent to which we could identify developmental patterns associated with female perpetrated intimate partner violence. Differences and similarities across populations are highlighted. Methodological difficulties of this area of inquiry as well as implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed. Keywordsintimate partner violence; female perpetration; adolescents; college students; adults; prevalence Intimate partner violence (IPV), defined as physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional abuse, or threat of abuse, by a current or former spouse or partner is a critical public health concern (Saltzman, Fanslow, McMahon, & Shelly, 2002). Nearly one-quarter of U.S. women and 7.6% of men report having been raped and/or physically assaulted at some point in their lifetime by a current or past spouse, cohabitating partner, boyfriend, girlfriend, or date (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). Women who experience IPV are significantly more likely to experience adverse health outcomes compared to those who have not experienced IPV (Bonomi, Anderson, Rivara, & Thompson, 2007). Health consequences of IPV include chronic gynecological, central nervous system, and stress-related health problems Kernic et al., 2002) as well as depression, post traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse and suicidality (Campbell, 2002;Dutton et al., 2006;Woods et al., 2005).To date, most studies on IPV have focused on the victimization of women and girls rather than their male counterparts. This is due to the fact that a greater proportion of women report experiencing IPV; women are victimized at about five times the rate of men (Rennison & Corresponding Author: Jessica Roberts Williams, PhD, MPH, RN, The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 46834 Willowood Place, Sterling, VA 20165, phone: 410-243-3910, fax: 410-502-5481, email: jrober65@son.jhmi Recent evidence has shown that IPV is not limited to adult populations, but, unfortunately, is also quite common among adolescents and young adults. Exposure to intimate partner violence is now being documented at younger and younger ages. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have estimated that between 12% and 20%, or nearly one-fifth, of middle and high school students experience physical or psychological abuse in dating relationships (CDC, 2006). The prevalence of dating violence among adolescent samples has ...

Few studies have examined predictors of long-term sustainability of evidence-based practices in mental health. This study used assessments of five evidence-based practices implemented in 49 sites in eight states at baseline and years 2, 4, and 8. Program characteristics, implementation characteristics, reinforcement activities, and sustainability factors were used to predict program survival status. The majority of predictors were not significant. Supervisor turnover in year 4 predicted survival status in year 8, but site characteristics, fidelity at implementation, quality improvement activities, and post-implementation activities had little impact on long-term program survival. This study extends previous sustainability research by examining the long-term impact of internal program factors over a substantial period of time using longitudinal prediction. Future research should also consider the influence of external factors such as financial policies.

Nurses who serve students, especially those at on-campus student health centres, are opportunely placed to address sexual violence. Findings highlight the need for nurses to use consistent definitions of sexual violence when identifying survivors. Nurses should take measures to increase disclosure and promote sexual violence resources/services provided by their facility. Additional suggestions for nurses are provided.