rTBI is an important contributor to the general population TBI burden. Certain risk factors can help identify individuals at higher risk of these repeated injuries. However, higher quality research that improves on rTBI surveillance methodology is needed.

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Context: Human papillomavirus coverage varies widely among women depending on their race, incomes, geographical location and education level. Objective: To evaluate whether reminder educative phone calls increase human papillomavirus vaccination rates in adult women aged 18–45 with high-risk factors of cervical cancer. Design: We conducted a single-blind randomized controlled trial in patients who consulted at a Canadian tertiary center in October 2019 during National Cervical Cancer Awareness Week. Interventions: We randomized women to receive three standardized educative phone calls or standard care. Main outcome measure: We assessed the immunization rate at 6 months. Results: A total of 130 patients were randomized of which 62 patients were randomized to the intervention. Eight patients (15.4%) got immunized at 6 months in the intervention group as compared to seven (11.7%) in the control group (p = 0.5645). The main barrier to vaccination reported by non-immunized patients at 6 months was the cost of vaccination (42.3%). Conclusion: Reminder educative phone calls did not increase human papillomavirus vaccination rates in adult women with risk factors of cervical cancer. ISRCTN registration number: ISRCTN58518971

Effect of age of transfused red blood cells on neurologic outcome following traumatic brain injury (ABLE-tbi Study): a nested study of the Age of Blood Evaluation (ABLE) trial Effet de l'âge des culots sanguins transfusés sur le devenir neurologique après un traumatisme cérébral (étude ABLE-tbi) : une étude imbriquée dans l'essai clinique ABLE (Age of Blood Evaluation) Abstract Background Anemia is common in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury, and often requires red blood cell transfusion. Studies suggest that prolonged storage causes lesions of the red blood cells, including a decreased ability to carry oxygen. Considering the susceptibility of the brain to hypoxemia, victims of traumatic brain injury may thus be more vulnerable to exposure to older red blood cells. Methods Our study aimed to ascertain whether the administration of fresh red blood cells (seven days or less) results in a better neurologic outcome compared with Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-019-01326-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.