Proteomic changes have been described in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the early events in the onset of the pathology are yet to be fully elucidated. A cell model system in which LAN5 neuroblastoma cells were incubated for a short time with a recombinant form of Aβ was utilized. Proteins extracted from these cells were subjected to shotgun proteomics analysis by LTQ-Orbitrap-MS followed by label-free quantitation. By bioinformatics tools we found that the most significant of those found to be up-regulated were related to cytoskeletal dynamics (Rho related) and membrane-related processes. The most significant of the down-regulated proteins were hnRNP-related. In particular, hnRNPs involved in ribosomal biogenesis and in splicing were down-regulated. The latter of these processes stood out as it was highlighted ubiquitously and with the highest significance in the results of every analysis. Furthermore, our findings revealed down-regulation at every stage of the splicing process through down-regulation of every subunit of the spliceosome. Dysregulation of the spliceosome was also confirmed using a Western blot. In conclusion, these data suggest dysregulation of the proteins and processes identified as early events in pathogenesis of AD following Aβ accumulation.

Telemedicine, more novel in provision of pediatric care, rapidly expanded due to the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of telemedicine for acute and chronic care provision in an underserved pediatric primary care center. Items assessed included patient demographic data, chief complaint, and alternative care locations if telemedicine was not available. In our setting, 62% of telemedicine visits were for acute concerns and 38% for chronic concerns. Of acute telemedicine visits, 16.5% of families would have sought care in the Emergency Department/Urgent Care, and 11.3% would have opted for no care had telemedicine not been offered. The most common chronic issues addressed were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (80.3%) and asthma (16.9%). Racial disparities existed among our telemedicine visits with Black patients utilizing telemedicine services less frequently than non-Black patients. Telemedicine is feasible for pediatric acute and chronic care, but systems must be designed to mitigate widening racial disparities.

OBJECTIVE: To decrease barriers to long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) for teens, this study aimed to reveal knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs that parents have about LARC. METHODS: A participatory action research approach was used. We recruited a diverse group of community researchers who participated in all phases of our study. Four focus groups were recruited using snowball sampling. Two researchers used a values coding process to code data independently. The team met to identify emerging themes. RESULTS: The 46 parents were predominately female and ethnically diverse. Preventing teen pregnancy was salient although a double standard between parents of boys and girls became apparent. A key theme that emerged was the importance of prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). There were some reservations about LARC provision in school-based health centers. Another theme was the need for access to confidential birth control for other teens but not for their own teens. Lastly, the advantages of LARC mentioned were effectiveness and ease of use. The disadvantages were increased STIs, risky behavior, hormonal changes, and side effects. CONCLUSION: Most of the parents in our study had limited knowledge of LARC. They were aware of its benefits but were uneasy about actual and perceived side effects.

Domestic violence (DV) screening has become increasingly common in recent years; however, many organizations still do not practice universal screening, and there is considerable debate concerning the best screening tool for detecting DV. The current research suggests that a brief tool would be ideal and that existing brief tools are comparable to more extensive instruments. Per Joint Commission standards, the ambulatory clinics at West Virginia University Hospitals instituted the use of the Functional Health Screening (FHS), a three-item tool that screens for unexplained weight changes, DV, and basic needs deficits. This tool is administered at the beginning of every outpatient clinic visit. This study includes a retrospective chart review to investigate the detection rate of this tool for DV and basic needs deficits, the increased utilization of social services, and nursing attitudes concerning FHS.

Background The Covid-19 pandemic is an economic and a health crisis. Households reduced consumption expenditures as large-scale physical distancing measures, lower disposable incomes and fear of infection when engaging in many types of economic activity took hold. This, in turn, reduced domestic tax revenues at a time when governments were facing increased financial pressures to strengthen and sustain welfare states. Methods We developed a simulation model, the Covid-19 Taxination Simulator, to estimate potential economic gains and tax revenues attributable to vaccine rollouts. We apply the model to 12 European Union countries which had low vaccination rates at the beginning of 2022. Results The highest growth in aggregate personal consumption expenditure attributable to Covid-19 vaccines administered as of January 2022 is in Greece (10.8%), Slovenia (8.6%) and Czechia (8.6%), while the lowest is in Bulgaria (2.2%) and Slovakia (2.1%). If countries had vaccinated 85% of their adult population, the largest gains in consumption tax revenues would be expected in Romania (830 million Euros) and Poland (738 million Euros). Consumption tax revenues generated by meeting the 85% of the adult population target would, on their own, be large enough to fully cover the costs of expanding the vaccine rollout itself in Estonia, Latvia, Slovenia, Croatia, Czechia, Hungary and Greece. Conclusion Covid-19 vaccination rollouts not only save lives and relieve pressures on health systems, they also support economic growth and generate additional tax revenues. These revenues can partially offset the costs of vaccines programmes themselves.