Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a life-threatening necrotizing infection that results in the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma, collecting system, and surrounding tissues. Up to 95% of patients with EPN have underlying uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Emphysematous cholecystitis (EC) is a necrotizing infection defined by the presence of gas in the gallbladder. Concurrent presentation of EPN and EC is limited to anecdotal cases in the literature. Case Report: We present the case of a 44-year-old female who arrived at the emergency department with signs of septic shock and diffuse abdominal pain. Diagnosis of EPN and EC was confirmed. Because the patient did not improve after aggressive medical therapy and percutaneous drainage and cholecystostomy, she was taken to surgery for emergency nephrectomy and cholecystectomy.
Conclusion:In unusually extensive and severe cases of EPN, medical and minimally invasive procedures are not enough to control the infection. More aggressive management, including emergency surgery, should be implemented in selected patients who present with refractory septic shock associated with extensive disease.
Resumen
Descripción del caso clínico: Masculino de 59 años con antecedente de síntomas obstructivos urinarios bajos, se presenta al servicio de urgencias con cuadro clínico de abdomen agudo y hematuria de 10 días de evolución. Se diagnostica ruptura vesical espontánea asociado a complicación de ruptura de divertículo vesical.
Relevancia: La ruptura vesical espontánea es un padecimiento poco común que puede llegar a ser fatal. Por lo general, esta patología se presenta con síntomas inespecíficos, por lo que se requiere pensar en el diagnóstico. Se presenta el caso de ruptura vesical espontánea y como se llegó al diagnóstico, para un tratamiento oportuno.
Implicaciones clínicas: En un paciente con cuadro clínico de abdomen agudo, elevación de azoados y hematuria en contexto de antecedentes de problemas de vaciamiento vesical, es importante considerar el diagnóstico de ruptura vesical espontánea.
Conclusiones: La ruptura espontánea de un divertículo vesical es una entidad muy poco común que se presenta con síntomas y signos clínicos inespecíficos. Su sospecha debe ser elevada al valorar a un paciente con abdomen agudo, elevación de creatinina y hematuria.
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