RESUMENLos objetivos del presente estudio fueron evaluar la libido y la capacidad de servicio de carneros de pelo adultos Pelibuey (PB), Blackbelly (BB), Dorper (DR) y Katahdin (KA) durante las tres épocas del año en el trópico. Dos veces por época 28 carneros maduros fueron individualmente expuestos durante 10 minutos a una oveja inmovilizada e inducida al estro. Se registró el número total de las actividades de la conducta sexual, el tiempo de reacción al primer servicio, y período de latencia entre servicios. El efecto de raza influyó en el tiempo de reacción al primer servicio y los tiempos de latencia (P < 0,05), excepto el tiempo de latencia en el segundo servicio, también la época resultó significativa (P < 0,05), pero no la interacción entre raza*época (P > 0,05). Todos los carneros realizaron al menos un servicio. La media (± EE) del tiempo de reacción y las latencias entre el segundo y tercer servicio fueron 37,62 ± 4,97; 136,43 ± 9,75 y 180,95 ± 11,87 segundos, respectivamente. Los carneros PB, BB y KA fueron más rápidos que los DR en el tiempo de reacción y latencia al segundo servicio (P < 0,05). Para la latencia al tercer servicio los carneros PB y KA fueron más rápidos que BB y DR (P < 0,05). Las actividades de la libido más frecuentes fueron el olfateo anogenital y el pateo de extremidades. Se concluye que bajo condiciones de clima tropical los carneros adultos PB, KA y BB mostraron mayor capacidad de servicio que los DR, con menor tiempo de reacción y latencia al segundo servicio. Los carneros de pelo exhibieron con mayor frecuencia actividades de olfateo anogenital y pateo de extremidades.Palabras clave: libido, capacidad de servicio, carneros de pelo, trópico. SUMMARYThe objectives of the present study were to evaluate the libido and serving capacity of Pelibuey (PB), Blackbelly (BB), Dorper (DR) and Katahdin (KA) hair sheep rams in three seasons under tropical environmental conditions. Twenty-eight mature rams were individually exposed for 10 minutes to an immobilized, oestrous-induced ewe twice per season. The total number of sexual behaviours, reaction time to first mating and latencies between mating were recorded. Reaction time and latencies were affected by breed effect (P < 0.05) and except for the latency time for the second ejaculation, the season was also significant (P < 0.05) while no interaction effects were observed (P > 0.05). All rams attained at least one ejaculation during testing. The overall mean (± S.E.M.) of reaction time and latencies to second and third mating were 37.62 ± 4.97s, 136.43 ± 9.75 and 180.95 ± 11.87 seconds, respectively. PB, BB and KA rams were faster than DR in reaction time and latency to second mating (P < 0.05). For latency to third mating, PB and KA rams were faster than BB and DR (P < 0.05). The libido activities that rams performed most frequently were anogenital sniffing and foreleg kicks. It was concluded that under tropical environmental conditions PB, KA and BB rams showed better serving capacity than DR, with shorter reaction time and latency t...
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the breed and season effects on scrotal circumference (SC) and semen characteristics of 28 mature hair sheep rams kept under tropical conditions. SCs, sperm concentration (SPC) and abnormal sperm were significantly affected by breed effect (p < 0.001). The season effect was significant in SPC (p < 0.0001) while ejaculate volume, mass motility and SPC were affected by breed × season interaction effect (p< 0.001). It can be concluded that the magnitude of the breed and season effects were not sufficient to affect the reproductive capacity of hair sheep rams throughout the year.
SUMMARYThe objective of the study was to determine the effect of breed group (BG) and age group at first calving (AFC) on the number of calvings during the lifetime of the cows in a production system localised in the state of Yucatan, Mexico. Data included information gathered from 65 cows of the Brahman (Br, n = 313) and Nellore (Ne, n = 184) breeds, and commercial Zebu (CZ, undefined crosses of Brown Swiss and Zebu (n = 268) born from 1981 to 2002. Out of the total number of cows, 391 had been culled and 374 remained in the ranch (censured data). The stayability (number of calvings) of the cows in the herd was evaluated by BG and AFC using Kaplan Meier methodology. The survival curve for CZ had the fastest decline, which suggests a greater culling rate for this group in comparison with the Ne and Br cows. The survival curves for the cows that had their first calving before 2.5 years and between 2.5 and 3 years of age show that they had a lover lower chance of culling. In conclusion, BG and EFC had an effect (P < 0.05) on the survival curves; Nellore cows had a higher probability of more calvings. Cows that were younger than 3 years old at first calving had a higher probability of having more calvings during their lifetime when compared to those being older at first calving.Palabras clave: análisis de sobrevivencia, bovinos, México, trópico.Key words: survival analysis, cattle, Mexico, tropics. INTRODUCCIÓNEn las regiones tropicales de México la producción bovina es limitada principalmente por la baja eficiencia reproductiva y pobre desempeño productivo de las vacas, generalmente de tipo cebuino, causada en parte por la abundancia de pastos en la época de lluvias y escasez durante la época seca, así como la presencia de agentes patógenos que causan enfermedades en los animales. Según algunos autores en ganado Cebú en México (Magaña y Segura-Correa 2001, Delgado y col 2004, Aban y col 2008) la tasa anual de pariciones es menor a 60%, mientras que los becerros pesan menos de 160 kg al destete, aproximadamente a 240 días. La productividad de una vaca durante su vida útil es el resultado de su capacidad reproductiva, sobrevivencia y la cantidad de becerros con altos pesos vivos, lo que representa su aptitud en el hato. La vida útil de un animal se puede evaluar midiendo el tiempo de permanencia en el hato, desde el primer parto hasta la muerte o desecho, o mediante el número de partos de las vacas al ser desechadas. El tiempo que las vacas permanecen productivas en el hato es un aspecto importante en la rentabilidad de los predios, ya que su permanencia y productividad afectan los costos de producción. Es de esperar diferencias en la vida útil de las vacas entre sistemas de producción asociados con factores ambientales, tamaño del hato y manejo. Magaña y Segura-Correa (2001) observaron diferencias entre grupos raciales para número de días productivos en el hato y número total de partos para vacas Suizo y sus cruzas con Cebú. Asimismo, se ha informado que la vida útil decrece conforme incrementa la edad al primer pa...
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