RESUMENEstudio bibliométrico que describe las características de cartas al editor publicadas en el período 2006-2013 en revistas biomédicas indizadas a SciELO-Perú. Se recopilaron 253 cartas (10,3% del total de publicaciones), el mayor número de cartas (139) fue de la Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, con notorio aumento por años. El 25% de cartas presentaron participación médico-estudiantil. El 14% de cartas presentaron autores con filiación internacional y 27% de cartas con filiación endogénica -frecuente en revistas universitarias (AFM, RMH). Los criterios habituales que justifican la publicación de cartas fueron: opinión sobre hecho médico o de dominio público (35,6%) y discusión de resultados, defectos metodológicos o de interpretación (22,9%). En revistas biomédicas indizadas a SciELO-Perú las cartas al editor constituyen un porcentaje de publicaciones que ha aumentado en los últimos años, con baja la publicación de cartas de hallazgos o datos propios, en comparación con criterios de opinión o crítica.
RESUMENObjetivos. Evaluar el efecto neurotóxico del extracto acuoso de boldo (Peumus boldus) en un modelo experimental. Materiales y métodos. Se diseñó un experimento, que incluyó 20 ratas macho Holtzman de 250 ± 15 gr, distribuidas aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos: el control negativo recibió solución salina (SS) por vía oral (VO), el control positivo que recibió 6-hidroxidopamina por vía intracraneal (VIC) y SS por VO, el grupo experimental 1 recibió extracto acuoso de boldo (EAB) por VO y el grupo experimental 2 recibió 6-hidroxidopamina por VIC y EAB por VO, en todos los casos durante 21 días. Se realizó una evaluación neurológica, la cual tuvo tres componentes: a) clínico, evaluado con el test de rotarod, b) bioquímico, mediante la determinación de niveles séricos de ácido úrico, y c) histopatológico, por inmunohistoquímica para neuronas dopaminérgicas de sustancia negra. Se empleó la prueba de Kruskal Wallis y el test de Dunn para evaluar las diferencias entre los grupos. Resultados. Se encontró disminución significativa en el tiempo de latencia del test de rotarod entre los grupos control negativo y control positivo (p<0,01), control negativo y experimental 1 (p=0,09), control negativo y experimental 2 (p<0,01), control positivo y experimental 1 (p=0,04), y experimental 1 y 2 (p=0,09). En la determinación de ácido úrico no hubo diferencia significativa intergrupal. En el conteo neuronal hubo depleción de neuronas dopaminérgicas totales, pero sin diferencia intergrupal. Conclusiones. Se evidencio un efecto neurotóxico del extracto acuoso de boldo en ratas macho de la cepa Holtzman a nivel clínico. ABSTRACT Objectives.To assess the neurotoxic effect of the aqueous extract of boldo (Peumus boldus) in an experimental model. Materials and methods. 20 male Holtzman rats of 250 ± 15 g were randomized into four groups: the negative control received saline solution (SS) orally (PO), the positive control received 6-hydroxydopamine intracranially (IC) and SS by PO. Experimental group 1 received aqueous extract of boldo (AEB) by PO, and experimental group 2 received 6-hydroxydopamine intracranially and AEB by PO. The experiment lasted 21 days. A neurological assessment was performed which had three components: a) clinical, evaluated with the rotarod test, b) biochemical, by measuring serum levels of uric acid, and c) histopathology, by immunohistochemistry for substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. The Kruskal Wallis test and the Dunn test were used to assess differences between groups. Results. A significant decrease was found in the latency time of the rotarod test between the negative and positive control group (p<0.01), negative control and experimental 1 (p=0.09), negative control and experimental 2 (p<0.01), positive control and experimental 1 (p=0.04), and experimental 1 and 2 (p=0.09). There was no significant intergroup difference in the identification of uric acid. There was a depletion of the total dopaminergic neurons in the neuronal count, without intergroup difference. Conclusions. A neurotoxic effect of ...
To the Editor-In their original article, Ali et al 1 state that in Karachi, the biggest city of Pakistan which is a country with an illiteracy rate of 45.1%, 2 and one of the three countries with highest consumption of opiates, 3 the factors most commonly associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) include illiteracy of women (odds ratio [OR]=5.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-19.6), illiteracy of husbands (OR=3.9; 95% CI, 1.4-10.7), current smoker status of husbands (OR=3.3; 95% CI, 1.9-5.8), and substance use other than tobacco by husbands (OR=3.1; 95% CI, 1.7-5.7). Peru is a South American country where more alcohol is consumed per capita (8.1 L) than the average consumption in the rest of the world (6.1 L). 4 According to Blitchtein-Winicki and Reyes-Solari, 5 alcohol consumption is the factor most commonly associated with IPV (OR=7.2; 95% CI, 5.4-9.6), along with a history of physical aggression of the father towards the mother (OR=1.7; 95% CI, 1.4-1.9). Other factors associated with increased risk of IPV include having previous partners (OR=1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7) and cohabiting (OR=1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.6). This apparent difference in factors associated with IPV could be explained by the ecological theory according to which, to properly approach this phenomenon, one must take into account the interaction of factors at different levels of analysis, namely, individual, family relationships, relationships with others, and social. Thus, in different cultures, we find the same phenomenon but different causes associated with IPV (Table). 1,5
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