This study comparatively analyzed obesity, lean balance, and physical fitness related to growth and development in female middle school students to investigate the importance of regular physical activity on body composition and physical fitness in adolescence. The subjects were 31 elementary school students in grades 5–6 in Seoul, consisting of 16 students in the regularly active group and 15 students in the inactive group. Body composition and physical fitness factors were measured. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and fat-free mass were measured using Inbody 3.0. Physical fitness factors such as muscle strength (grip strength), muscle endurance (situps), flexibility (body flexion), agility (side stepping), and lean balance (balancing with eyes closed), were measured as described herein. The results of comparing the two groups’ obesity-related body composition, the weight (P<0.001), body fat mass (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.002), and % body fat (P<0.033) were significantly higher in the inactive group compared to the physically active group. Comparison of lean balance was there was a significant difference in muscle mass between the left and right Arm (P<0.001), left and right leg (P<0.002) in the inactive group. comparing physical fitness between groups was trunk flexion (P<0.001) and side stepping (P<0.001) were higher in the physically active than the inactive group. This study found significant differences in weight, body fat, BMI, flexibility, and side stepping between the physically active and inactive groups, which may negatively affect health indicators related to adolescents’ growth, development, and obesity. Therefore, attempts to promote physical activity in growing adolescents are crucial.

This study aimed to examine and analyze the relationship between the physical activity of cancer patients during the hospitalization and the change in exercise recognition and restrictions on physical activity in depth. In this study, adult cancer patients aged more than 20 years residing in the metropolitan area (such as Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon) were selected as a population, and 194 cancer patients from five general hospitals located in metropolitan area were selected as subjects by the purposive sampling. The relative importance for the effect on the physical restriction was greater in the order of the time spent in sedentary activities and exercise positive recognition. The relative importance for cognitive psychological restriction was greater in the order of negative exercise recognition, positive exercise recognition, the time spent in sedentary activities, the time spent in ordinary daily activities and the time spent in intentional movement. In the hospital environment restriction, the facility had a statistically significant effect on the movement and positive exercise recognition. But, sociocultural restrictions were not affected by positive exercise recognition. As a result of this study, it was found that the physical activity restrictions of the cancer patients may affect differently depending on the physical activity level, exercise experience, and exercise recognition, requiring the interpretation of the physical activity restrictions in various ways.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and understand the mechanisms of physical activity obstructions in hospitalized cancer patients by investigating their physical activity levels, previous exercise experience levels, and exercise recognition. A survey was conducted for 194 hospitalized cancer patients using a questionnaire. In addition, we performed exploratory factor analysis, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Ver. 23.0. The results were as follows: (1) The physical activity level of the previous exercise participation experience (EPE) group had a greater effect on physical activity obstructions compared with the non-experience (NE) group. (2) The results for the effects of exercise recognition on the physical activity level and physical activity obstructions indicated that exercise recognition in the two groups increased the relative effects on physical activity obstructions in all variables except for the physical obstructions of the EPE group. Consequently, the physical activity level, exercise experience level, and exercise recognition in those patients were confirmed to be the major factors affecting their physical activity obstruction. Therefore, in this study, we provided quantitative data required for establishing healing environments based on motion.