Due to the rapid growth of fossil energy consumption, countries worldwide have paid considerable attention to reducing carbon emissions. Moreover, with economic globalization and trade liberalization, exploring the relationship between foreign trade and carbon emission reduction has become increasingly critical. Exploring this relationship can aid in establishing suitable recommendations for global carbon emission reductions. This paper uses a spatial econometric model and a dynamic panel threshold model to empirically test the spatial effect, nonlinear effect, and heterogeneous effect of foreign trade on global carbon emissions. All the above models are based on the construction of the economic weight matrix of different countries. The results reveal that 1) carbon emissions in various countries exhibit with significant spatial spillover in the overall spatial context; 2) foreign trade has a significant role in promoting carbon emissions in local and similar economic areas, but it has an apparent dual-threshold effect on economic development; and 3) there are significant differences in the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions in different regions and different periods. Therefore, in the process of global economic integration, based on their development stages and comparative advantages, countries can focus on overall planning and coordination to promote the optimal allocation of resources and reduce carbon emissions.

The carrying capacity of marine and land resources is one of the indicators to measure the sustainable development level of coastal areas, reflecting the supporting capacity of the ecological environment for human activities and the impact of human activities on the regional environment. This paper establishes an evaluation index system to determine the evaluation value of the carrying capacity of marine and land resources in China’s coastal areas, the evaluation index of marine and land resources supply capacity (economic and social development demand) subsystem, and the degree of coordinated development of the subsystems in 11 coastal areas from 2006 to 2017. The results showed that the average supply and demand capacity of the two subsystems in each region is not high; the average demand level of economic and social development is higher than the supply capacity of marine and land resources; the carrying capacity of marine and land resources is slightly overloaded in most areas; the collaborative development between the supply and demand subsystems is barely coordinated with moderate imbalance; most regions need to move in the direction of green development to ensure the supply capacity of marine and land resources.