Non‐contact mode triboelectric nanogenerators effectively avoid physical contact between two triboelectric materials and achieve long‐term reliable operation, providing broad application prospects in the field of self‐powered sensing. However, the low surface charge density of triboelectric materials restricts application of contactless sensing. Herein, by controlling Rayleigh Instability deformation of the spinning jet and vapor‐induced phase separation during electrostatic spinning, a polyvinylidene fluoride@Mxene (Ti3C2Tx) composite film with spheres multiple physical network structures is prepared and utilized as the triboelectric material of a self‐powered contactless sensor. The structure of the composite film and high conductivity of Ti3C2Tx provide triboelectric materials with high output performance (charge output and power output up to 128 µC m–2 and 200 µW cm–2 at 2 Hz) and high output stability. The self‐powered contactless sensor shows excellent speed sensitivity (1.175 Vs m–1). Additionally, it could accurately identify the motion states such as running (55 mV), jumping (105 mV), and walking (40 mV) within the range of 70 cm, and present the signals in different pop forms. This work lays a solid foundation for the development and application of high‐performance triboelectric materials, and has guiding significance for the research of self‐powered contactless sensing.
Gas-sensitive materials are capable of dynamic identification and content monitoring of specific gases in the environment, and their applications in the field of gas sensing are promising. However, weak adsorption properties are the main challenge limiting the application of gas-sensitive materials. A highly adsorbent gas-sensitive cellulose nanofibril (CNF)-based triboelectric material with a layered structure is prepared here and it is applied to self-powered gas sensing. The layered structure of the triethoxy-1H,1H,2H,2H-tridecafluoro-n-octylsilane cellulose nanofiber (PFOTES-CNF)-based gas-sensitive material further enhances the adsorption of the material due to electrostatic adsorption in the electrostatic field induced by triboelectricity. It is found that the ammonia-sensitive material obtained by loading Ti 3 C 2 T x in PFOTES-CNF has a fast response/recovery (12/14 s), high sensitivity response (V air /V gas = 2.1), high selectivity response (37.6%), and low detection limit (10 ppm) for 100 ppm of ammonia gas. In addition, the ammonia-sensitive CNF-based triboelectric material can accurately identify NH 3 concentration changes in the range of 10-120 ppm and transmit the signal wirelessly to the user interface, facilitating real-time online monitoring of NH 3 in the environment. A novel strategy is provided here for designing and preparing high-performance gas-sensitive composites and the analysis of self-powered gas sensing is guided.
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