The comparative study on treating the berberine pharmaceutical wastewater by chemical-coagulation and electro-coagulation was carried out, and the Zeta potential, ζ was analyzed to reveal the coagulation mechanisms. The results indicated that electro-coagulation and pulse electro-coagulation could be more effective than traditional chemical-coagulation for berberine removal from wastewater: the removal efficiencies of electro-coagulation and pulse electro-coagulation processes reached above 87.6%, while the removal efficiencies were lower than 35% for the PFS and PAC coagulations. The ζ potential analysis revealed that charge neutralization was the main mechanisms for berberine removal.

Interaction between an enhanced action of kinins and cytokines is accepted as important to the cardioprotective effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors. Kinins mediate their effects through B1 and B2 subtype receptors that may be modulated by cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1beta. We examined expression of kinin receptors and the effects of bradykinin (B2 agonist) and des-Arg10-kallidin (B1 agonist) on extracellular matrix components of adult rat cardiac fibroblasts with or without prior exposure to IL-1beta. We compared responses of cells cultured from spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) hearts. mRNA levels of kinin receptors, procollagens, promatrix metalloproteinases (proMMP-2 and proMMP-9), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) were all assessed by a semiquantitative RT-PCR. In the absence of IL-1beta, SHR cells expressed more B2 receptor, procollagen alpha1(I), procollagen alpha1(III), and proMMP-9 mRNA than WKY cells. IL-1beta exposure enhanced B1, B2, proMMP-2, and proMMP-9 mRNA in cells of both strains to equivalent levels. Zymographic studies confirmed the results of proMMPs. Following IL-1beta treatment, bradykinin attenuated procollagens alpha1(I) and alpha1(III) mRNA expression in SHR but not WKY cells. In contrast, des-Arg10-kallidin did not show any significant effects in either SHR or WKY cells. Our findings indicate greater extracellular matrix turnover in cultured SHR cardiac fibroblasts than WKY under basal conditions, an IL-1beta stimulation of turnover in cells from both strains, and a strain-differential effect of bradykinin following cytokine treatment. These results imply a genetically determined response of cardiac extracellular matrix and the potential of direct enhancement of the efficacy of kinins by the local release of IL-1beta in hearts genetically programmed to exhibit excessive remodeling to injury.

The experiment adopted the method of cultivating Hydrilla verticillata and algae in coexistence systems to study the inhibitory effect of Hydrilla verticillata on planktonic algae in eutrophic water. The results showed that allelopathic and competition of nutrition inhibitory effect were both affect the inhibition of Hydrilla verticillata on planktonic algae at initial concentration of 105 cells·mL-1, and the highest inhibition ratio on was 79% at undernutrition condition; opposite, allelopathic inhibitory effect played a major role at nutritional sufficiency, the highest inhibition ratio was 39%. Hydrilla verticillata played a role of “promoting with low biomass while inhibiting with high biomass” on planktonic algae, the optimal biological dosage of Hydrilla verticillata on inhibiting planktonic algae at initial concentration of 105 cells·mL-1 was 12g·L-1. Hydrilla verticillata allproduced inhibitory effect on planktonic algae at different initial concentrations, and the greater the initial concentration of planktonic algae, the higher the inhibition ratio of Hydrilla verticillata on planktonic algae.

Recently, there has been an increased interest in optimizing horizontal multi-frac completion technologies used to complete offshore low permeability reservoirs in Western South China Sea, but the high-risk and high operating costs are the key problems to hold back the application of this technology, so the impact of economic factors should be taken into full account before fracturing design. This paper shows an new optimization approach of fracturing design by considering the relationship between economic aspects, reservoir size and fracturing treatment size, each fracturing stage of horizontal well is approximated by a rectangular drainage areas and the unified fracture design method is used to calculate the dimensionless productivity index, and an Optimal Proppant Index Function is established with maximization of economic profit as the objective function, while the Optimal Proppant Index Function is determined, the optimal fracture volume and parameters would be obtained.

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