The alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) that metabolize ethanol are polymorphic. Different alleles encode subunits of the enzymes that differ in their rate of metabolizing ethanol. These polymorphisms are distributed differently among populations and have been shown to influence the risk for alcoholism in some Asian populations. We have examined the allele frequencies at the ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 loci in four populations from China (Han, Mongolian, Korean, and Elunchun) and in alcoholics within each population. The four populations differ in allele frequencies, with the Elunchun having a much lower frequency of ADH2*2 alleles, and the Mongolian and Elunchun having a much lower frequency of ALDH2*2 alleles. Within each population, alleles at one or more of these three loci are protective against alcoholism, although the populations differ in which loci play significant roles. The protective allele at each locus (ALDH2*2, ADH2*2, and ADH3*1) encodes a subunit that either metabolizes ethanol to acetaldehyde more rapidly or slows the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetate. Taken as a whole, data demonstrate that genetic differences in the enzymes that metabolize alcohol can substantially affect the risk for alcoholism.

Cloud computing is an effective approach for organizing computing resource and improving computing capability. In this paper, we designed and contstucted a private cloud computing platform based on ubuntu enterprise cloud. The cloud computing platform supports various clients dynamicly connet to cloud server and get cloud computing service via interface platform provided. Various kinds of virtual machine instance of different settings running on physical servers provide users computing and storage capability on demand. A series of high level functions guarantee computing service provision of platform.

This paper is based on a series of experiments on saline soil which is sampled from the west of Jilin province. Through analysis of the properties of material composition, we reveals the inner connection between the dispersivity of saline soil and the soil’s practical environment and material composition, which has theoretical and practical significance in engineering practice and study of saline soil’s dispersivity in this area .This paper will help us fully understand the characteristics of dispersive saline soil and the way it behaviors in engineering for taking the feasible engineering countermeasures to cope with saline soil and engineering accidents caused by the dispersivity of saline soils. The results of this paper will bring engineering applications of dispersive saline soil to a new level.