No abstract

In this study, we described the haemodynamic condition in the AVF and found that neointimal hyperplasia predisposed to occur in the inner wall of venous segment near the anastomosis. We also found that not only the neointimal hyperplasia has a strong inverse correlation with WSS levels, but also is related to flow patterns.

Near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence (PersL) materials are attractive multifunctional-material-platforms to real-time-required studies and applications in chemistry and biomedicine. However, the inefficient charging by low-irradiance, noncoherent, and high-tissue-penetration red−NIR light restricts their developments and applications in situ, such as long-term tracking, whole-body, and deep-tissue bioimaging. To address this issue, we develop a novel Cr 3+ -activated Na 0.5 Gd 0.5 TiO 3 NIR-PersL material with perovskite structure. It shows over 100 times stronger PersL intensity than those of the best known Cr 3+ -doped phosphors, including

Bifunctional nanocomposites with superparamagnetic and NIR luminescent properties were synthesized by a layer-by-layer and a modified Stöber method. Fe3O4 nanoparticles as the core were coated with NaYF4:Ln3+ (Ln = Nd, Er, Pr, or Ho) to form the first layer. Then, the second layer was coated with silica to improve the chemical stability and photostability. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that a cubic spinel structure of Fe3O4 and the coexistence of a cubic and hexagonal structure of NaYF4 were obtained. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis confirmed the core/shell structure of Fe3O4@NaYF4:Ln3+. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that the bifunctional nanocomposites consisted of crystalline Fe3O4@NaYF4:Ln3+ cores and amorphous SiO2 shells, in a spherical shape with a narrow size distribution. Magnetic measurements showed that the obtained bifunctional nanocomposites exhibited superparamagnetic behavior. Emission spectra indicated that the bifunctional nanocomposites possessed a high near-infrared (NIR) luminescent intensity. Moreover, the hexagonal phase NaYF4:Ln3+ showed NIR emission 10 to 15 times stronger than the cubic phase.