Microgrid is a new concept for future energy distribution system that enables renewable energy integration. It generally consists of multiple distributed generators that are usually interfaced to the grid through power inverters. For the islanding operation of ac microgrids, two important tasks are to share the load demand among multiple parallel connected inverters proportionately, and maintain the voltage and frequency stabilities. This paper reviews and categorizes various approaches of power sharing control principles. Simultaneously, the control schemes are graphically illustrated. Moreover, various control approaches are compared in terms of their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, this paper presents the future trends.Index Terms-AC microgrid, islanding operation, power electronic inverters, power sharing control strategies.

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Virtual impedance, angle droop and frequency droop control play important roles in maintaining system stability, and load sharing among distributed generators (DGs) in microgrid. These approaches have been developed into three totally independent concepts, but present strong relevance. In this letter, their similarities and differences are significantly revealed. Some new findings are established as follows: 1) angle droop control is intrinsically a virtual impedance method; 2) virtual impedance method can also be regarded as a special frequency droop control with a power derivative feedback; 3) the combination of virtual impedance method and frequency droop control is equivalent to the proportional-derivative (PD) type frequency droop, which is introduced to enhance the power oscillation damping. As a whole, these analogous relationships provide the new insight into the design of these three controllers.

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