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La-doped Li 3 V 2−x La x (PO 4 ) 3 ( x = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03) cathode materials for lithium ion batteries were synthesized by the microwave-assisted carbothermal reduction method (MW-CTR). The structures and properties of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical measurements. The results showed that all the three Li 3 V 2−x La x (PO 4 ) 3 samples had the same monoclinic structures and sharper diffraction peaks of the crystal plane compared with those of the undoped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 . The initial charge/discharge specific capacity, coulomb efficiency, and discharge decay rate of all the three Li 3 V 2−x La x (PO 4 ) 3 samples were superior to those of the undoped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 sample, and the Li 3 V 1.98 La 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 sample exhibited the best features among the three La-doped Li 3 V 2−x La x (PO 4 ) 3 samples. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the Li 3 V 1.98 La 0.02 (PO 4 ) 3 sample had a lower charge transfer resistance and a higher Li ion diffusion coefficient compared with the undoped Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 sample.

Fish scale contains rich collagen. Collagen is an important material which is widely used in many kind of industries. Extracting collagen from fish scale not only reduces the pollution but also obtains new raw material of commercial collagen. In this paper, single factor test method was firstly used to investigate the effects of liquid/solid ratio, concentration of hydrochloric acid, extraction time and extraction temperature on collagen extraction yield from bighead carp scale and their optimal values were determined. Based on which, the response surface method was used to establish the process and kinetic models for the collagen extraction process. The results show that the two models in the form of multiple regression are basically identical with the actual values and can be used to predict the collagen extraction yield and collagen extraction velocity under different operation conditions, and to adjust the operation parameters for obtaining the expected collagen extraction velocity with high collagen extraction yield in order to realize the ideal utilization efficiency and production intensity of the collagen in fish scale.

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Abstract. Methylphenylvinyl raw rubber (MPVRR) is one of the important materials for preparation of phenyl-containing additive molding liquid silicone rubber (AMLSR). Two methods, bulk polymerization (BP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP), were used to prepare MPVRR. The effects of formulation, temperature and water content on MPVRR properties for BP method were investigated and the product was characterized by Fourier Infrared Spectrometer. The effects of formulation, end capping reagent dosage, feeding sequence, reaction temperature and time on MPVRR properties for ROP method were discussed and the product was characterized by Double Beam UV-visible Spectrophotometer. The results showed that BP method could only prepare low phenyl content of MPVRR with phenyl mass percentage of 3.4%-5.2%, but ROP method could prepare both low phenyl content of MPVRR with phenyl mass percentage of 9.2% and middle phenyl content of MPVRR with phenyl mass percentage of 16.4%, which were nearly close to the theoretical values of 12% and 21.5%, respectively. The samples prepared using the two methods were proved to be MPVRR materials by the instrument analysis, respectively.