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In this study, full iron tailings concrete (FITC) was created using iron tailings from a tailings pond in Qian’an, China. Iron tailings account for 86.8% of the total mass of solid raw materials in the FITC. To enable large-scale use of FITC, a comprehensive investigation of the structural behaviour of full-iron tailing-reinforced concrete (FITRC) specimens is warranted. Therefore, eight rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) columns with conventional reinforced concrete (CRC) as a control were tested to investigate the effects of section dimensions, initial eccentricities, and concrete strengths, on the structural behaviour of FITRC columns under large eccentric short-term loading. The experimental and analytical results indicated that the sectional strain of the FITRC columns satisfied the plane-section assumption under short-term loading, and the lateral deflection curve agreed well with the half-sinusoidal curve. In addition, the FITRC columns exhibited a slightly lower cracking load and lower ultimate load capacity than the CRC columns, and the crack widths were larger than those of the CRC columns. The reduction in the load capacity observed in the FITRC was within the permissible range stated in the design code, thereby satisfying the code requirements. The deformation coefficients of the FITRC and CRC columns were identical, and the cracking and ultimate loads calculated according to the current code and theories were in good agreement with the measured results.

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In this paper, the iron tailings powder, iron tailings sand and iron tailings gravel in Qian’an city are used to replace fly ash, river sand and gravel respectively as admixture, fine and coarse aggregates of concrete. Through mix design, the high-fluidity concrete with strength grade C25, C30 and slump of 180~200mm is prepared. The compressive strength of all kinds of concrete with iron tailings powder as admixture can meet the requirements of the corresponding strength grade. The basic strength properties of full iron tailings concrete are more prominent in all kinds of concrete with iron tailings powder as admixture, and are the closest to that of fly ash concrete.