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The q‐rung orthopair fuzzy set ( q‐ROFS) that the sum of the qth power of the membership degree and the qth power of the nonmembership degree is restricted to one is a generalization of fuzzy set (FS). Recently, many researchers have given a series of aggregation operators to fuse q‐rung orthopair fuzzy discrete information. Subsequently, although some scholars have also focused on studying q‐rung orthopair fuzzy continuous information and give its continuity, derivative, differential, and integral, those studies are only considered from the perspective of multivariable fuzzy functions. Thus, the main aim of the paper is to study the q‐rung orthopair fuzzy continuous single variable information. In this paper, we first define the concept of q‐rung orthopair single variable fuzzy function ( q‐ROSVFF) to describe the fuzzy continuous information, and give its domain to make sure that this kind of function is meaningful. Afterward, we propose the limits, continuities, and infinitesimal of q‐ROSVFFs, and offer the relationship between the limit of q‐ROSVFF and that of q‐ROSVFF infinitesimal. On the basis of the definition of derivative in mathematical analysis, we define the subtraction and division derivatives and basic operational rules, and offer the simpler proofs for the derivatives of q‐ROSVFFs. What is more, we propose the subtraction and division differential invariances, and give the approximate calculation formulas of q‐ROSVFFs when the value of independent variable is changed small enough. In the real situation, fundamental functions cannot be used to express more complicated functions, thus we define the compound q‐ROSVFFs and give their chain rules of subtraction and division derivatives. Finally, we use numerical examples by simulation to verify the feasibility and veracity of the approximate calculation on q‐ROSVFFs.

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