Murine models have been widely used to investigate the mechanobiology of aortic atherosclerosis and dissections, which develop preferably at different anatomic locations of aorta. Based MRI and finite element analysis with fluid–structure interaction, we numerically investigated factors that may affect the blood flow and structural mechanics of rat aorta. The results indicated that aortic root motion greatly increases time‐averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), relative residence time (RRT), displacement of the aorta, and enhances helical flow pattern but has limited influence on effective stress, which is highly modulated by blood pressure. Moreover, the influence of the motion component on these indicators is different with axial motion more obvious than planar motion. Surrounding fixation of the intercostal arteries and the branch vessels on aortic arch would reduce the influence of aortic root motion. The compliance of the aorta has different influences at different regions, leading to decrease in TAWSS and helical flow, increase in OSI, RRT at the aortic arch, but has reversed effects on the branch vessels. When compared with the steady flow, the pulsatile blood flow would obviously increase the WSS, the displacement, and the effective stress in most regions. In conclusion, to accurately quantify the blood flow and structural mechanics of rat aorta, the motion of the aortic root, the compliance of aortic wall, and the pulsation of blood flow should be considered. However, when only focusing on the effective stress in rat aorta, the motion of the aortic root may be neglected.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and hypertensive heart disease (HHD) share similar features, such as thickened left ventricular (LV) wall and reduced compliance, which make it difficult to distinguish HCM from HHD clinically. In this retrospective study, patients with HCM and HHD were enrolled to evaluate the feasibility of radiomic analysis to differentiate between these two diseases. For all calculated texture analysis (TA) features, AUCs of nine parameters had the values above 0.65, Logarithm_glszm_ZoneEntropy reached the best performance than other parameters (AUC: 0.790, sensitivity: 71.4 %, specificity: 81.8 %, P < 0.01).

Background: When quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to assess the activity of Graves' orbitopathy (GO), the examination is generally focused on a specific orbital tissue, especially the extraocular muscles (EOMs). However, GO usually involves the entire intraorbital soft tissue. The aim of this study was to use multiparameter MRI on multiple orbital tissues to distinguish the active and inactive GO. Methods: From May 2021 to March 2022, consecutive patients with GO were prospectively enrolled at Peking University People's Hospital (Beijing, China) and divided into those with active disease and those with inactive disease based on a clinical activity score. Patients then underwent MRI, including sequences of conventional imaging, T1 mapping, T2 mapping, and mDIXON Quant. Width, T2 signal intensity ratio (SIR), T1 values, T2 values, and fat fraction of EOMs, as well as water fraction (WF) of orbital fat (OF), were measured. Parameters were compared between the 2 groups, and a combined diagnostic model was constructed using logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to test the diagnostic performance of the model. Results: Sixty-eight patients with GO (27 with active GO, 41 with inactive GO) were included in the study.The active GO group had higher values of EOM thickness, T2 SIR, and T2 values, as well as higher WF of OF. The diagnostic model, which included EOM T2 value and WF of OF, demonstrated a good ability to distinguish between active and inactive GO (area under the curve, 0.878; 95% CI: 0.776-0.945; sensitivity, 88.89%; specificity, 75.61%).Conclusions: A combined model incorporating the T2 value of EOMs and the WF of OF was able to identify cases of active GO, potentially offering an effective and noninvasive method to assess pathological changes in this disease.

It is difficult to identify IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) due to their similar clinical features. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can simultaneously obtain tissue structure and function imaging, and evaluate the functional state of kidney. In this study, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and mDIXON-Quant were performed in pediatric patients with nephropathy, and it was found that IgAN and HSPN were remarkably different in renal function. The values of medulla’s D and cortex’s R2* obtained by IVIM and mDIXON-Quant had the ability in differential diagnosis of IgAN and HSPN.

Under the background of Made in China 2025, China's higher vocational education is currently facing new development opportunities. At the same time, based on the demand for high-end technical talents from ship building and repairing enterprises, the ship mechanical engineering and technology specialty should strengthen construction in the aspects of specialty setting, school-enterprise cooperation, and improvement of education system, with emphasis on cultivating high-quality technical and skilled talents. The teaching reform of marine mechanical engineering and technology specialty should meet the job requirements of enterprises. In order to meet the new needs of corresponding positions, it is imperative to update teaching contents, reform teaching methods and optimize teaching process design. This paper analyzes the new demand for talents and skills based on the professional posts of ship mechanical engineering and technology in "Made in China 2025", and studies and analyzes the curriculum and teaching reform of this major. Keywords-Made in China 2025; New job requirements; Marine mechanical engineering; Teaching reform I. JOB REQUIREMENTS BACKGROUND OF THE MARINE