These results indicate that diabetes has become a major public health problem in China and that strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of diabetes are needed.
AimsThe present study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension among Chinese adults.MethodsData were obtained from sphygmomanometer measurements and a questionnaire administered to 46239 Chinese adults ≥20 years of age who participated in the 2007–2008 China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medication.ResultsA total of 26.6% of Chinese adults had hypertension, and a significantly greater number of men were hypertensive than women (29.2% vs 24.1%, p<0.001). The age-specific prevalence of hypertension was 13.0%, 36.7%, and 56.5% among persons aged 20 to 44 years (young people), 45 to 64 years (middle-aged people), and ≥65 years (elderly people), respectively. In economically developed regions, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher among rural residents than among urban residents (31.3% vs 29.2%, p = 0.001). Among women or individuals who lived in the northern region, the disparity in the prevalence of hypertension between urban and rural areas disappeared (women: 24.0% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.942; northern region: 31.6% vs. 31.2%, p = 0.505). Among hypertensive patients, 45.0% were aware of their condition, 36.2% were treated, and 11.1% were adequately controlled.ConclusionsThe prevalence of hypertension in China is increasing. The trend of an increase in prevalence is striking in young people and rural populations. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control are poor. Public health efforts for further improving awareness and enhancing effective control are urgently needed in China, especially in emerging populations.
OBJECTIVETo develop a New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score for screening undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in China.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSData from the China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study conducted from June 2007 to May 2008 comprising 16,525 men and 25,284 women aged 20–74 years were analyzed. Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes was detected based on fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-h plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L in people without a prior history of diabetes. β-Coefficients derived from a multiple logistic regression model predicting the presence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes were used to calculate the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score. The performance of the New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score was externally validated in two studies in Qingdao: one is prospective with follow-up from 2006 to 2009 (validation 1) and another cross-sectional conducted in 2009 (validation 2).RESULTSThe New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score includes age, sex, waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and family history of diabetes. The score ranges from 0 to 51. The area under the receiver operating curve of the score for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes was 0.748 (0.739–0.756) in the exploratory population, 0.725 (0.683–0.767) in validation 1, and 0.702 (0.680–0.724) in validation 2. At the optimal cutoff value of 25, the sensitivity and specificity of the score for predicting undiagnosed type 2 diabetes were 92.3 and 35.5%, respectively, in validation 1 and 86.8 and 38.8% in validation 2.CONCLUSIONSThe New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score based on nonlaboratory data appears to be a reliable screening tool to detect undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.
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