Colon cancer is the third most common malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) is associated with tumor progression in some types of tumors. However, its expression and role in colon cancer has not been yet reported. Here we observed that NPTX1 was down-regulated in colon cancer. Additionally, we explored the functional significance of NPTX1 in colon cancer. We found that over-expression of NPTX1 inhibited colon cancer cell growth by performing MTT, colony formation, Edu corporation assays, and cell cycle analysis. In vivo mouse experiments also confirmed the anti-proliferative role of NPTX1 in colon cancer. Further mechanistic study showed that over-expression of NPTX1 inhibited the expression of cyclin A2 and CDK2 in colon cancer cells, thereby regulating the Rb-E2F signaling. In summary, these findings reveal that NPTX1 suppress the colon cancer cell growth and might serve as a useful potential target for treatment of colon cancer.

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Based on the thermal blooming effect theory for high-energy laser propagating in atmosphere, the vector model concept of thermal distortion parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ {{\boldsymbol{N}}_{\text{D}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M1.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M1.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is put forward. Based on the vector model concept of thermal distortion parameter and the laser system simulation software EasyLaser, the scaling law between the centroid offset of laser beam farfield and the vector thermal distortion parameter is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the centroid offset quantity is in direct proportion to the modulus of vector thermal distortion parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ {{\boldsymbol{N}}_{\text{D}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M2.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M2.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, and the centroid offset direction is opposite to the direction of vector thermal distortion parameter <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ {{\boldsymbol{N}}_{\text{D}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M3.jpg"/><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20211138_M3.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. Based on the scaling law, by real-time measuring the atmosphreic parameters on laser beam propagation path, the beam deviation of laser system can be conveniently estimated in practical application.

EasyLaser is component-based laser system simulation software. Beam control system simulation is a main part of EasyLaser, which can be used for systems with multi-optical paths, multi-wavelength beams, and multi-controllers. A new numerical method about general kinematics separation is proposed for beam control system simulation. It provides axis rotation conversion relationships due to orientation data of apparatus of system, such as gimal, sensor and optical mirror. It gives their coupling and uncoupling matrixes in kinematics and controller model. The matrixes could change every iterative time automatically during the dynamic tracking process. The main advantage of the method is more suitable to solve the problems that the gimbal movement and geometry optical transmission are considered simultaneously. By using the method, sensor images and undershoot data are updated automatically. And further the kinematic driver or controller signals are separated automatically. Therefore the tracking and beam control can be designed without consideration of the system kinematical composition. Then the beam control system simulation has the virtues of generality, flexibility, and usability. No matter what kinds of gimbal and optical path, designer needs only to consider tracking and beam control aspects. In addition, a union beam control example for atmosphere transmission correction is given. It includes tracking tilt mirror and adaptive optics system. Simulation results show that the low-frequency fluctuation is restrained effectively and the high-frequency fluctuation is corrected obviously.

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