This study was aimed to explore the efficacy of ultrasound with active contour model (ACM) for hemodialysis in children with renal failure. The pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) was used to extract the initial contour of the ultrasound images, and the cloud model-based ACM was used to accurately segment the images, whose effect was compared with the classic Snake model. 84 children with chronic renal failure who received hemodialysis treatment in hospital were selected as research objects. There were 42 cases in the control group who were diagnosed by conventional ultrasound and 42 cases in the observation group who were diagnosed by ultrasound with the algorithm. Then, 42 children who underwent healthy physical examination (health group) were selected for comparison of related analysis indicators. The error rates of different algorithms were compared to analyze the levels of inflammatory factors in different groups of patients after hemodialysis. The results showed that the error rate of classical Snake model was 18.87% and that of ACM algorithm model was 11.01%, and the error rate of ACM algorithm model was significantly lower ( P < 0.05 ). After hemodialysis, the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was 38.76 pg/mL in the observation group and 40.05 pg/mL in the control group, which was notably decreased in both groups, especially in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). After hemodialysis, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was 7.76 ng/mL in the observation group and 7.60 ng/mL in the control group, which was significantly reduced in both groups. After treatment, UA and Scr in both groups were significantly reduced, and the reduction was more significant in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). HGB and RBC were significantly increased in both groups, and the increase was more significant in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). In summary, ACM algorithm had a good segmentation effect on the ultrasonic images of children with renal failure. This study provided guidance for clinicians to choose the algorithm for the application of ultrasonic imaging diagnosis.

ObjectivesHashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders; however, its underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Although aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in the N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), changes in serum proteins have not been comprehensively characterized. This study aimed to investigate glycosylation profiles in serum samples depleted of highly abundant proteins from patients with HT and propose the potential functions of glycoproteins for further studies on the pathological mechanisms of HT.MethodsA lectin microarray containing 70 lectins was used to detect and analyze glycosylation of serum proteins using serum samples (N=27 HT; N=26 healthy control [HC]) depleted of abundant proteins. Significant differences in glycosylation status between HT patients and the HC group were verified using lectin blot analysis. A lectin-based pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry was used to investigate potential glycoproteins combined with differentially present lectins, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to identify the expression of targeted glycoproteins in 131 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 131 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients, 130 patients with HT, and 128 HCs.ResultsCompared with the HC group, the majority of the lectin binding signals in HT group were weakened, while the Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) binding signal was increased. The difference in VVA binding signals verified by lectin blotting was consistent with the results of the lectin microarray. A total of 113 potential VVA-binding glycoproteins were identified by mass spectrometry and classified by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses. Using ELISA, we confirmed that lactoferrin (LTF) and mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease 1 (MASP-1) levels were elevated in the serum of patients with HT and PTC.ConclusionFollowing depletion of abundant proteins, remaining serum proteins in HT patients exhibited lower glycosylation levels than those observed in HCs. An increased level of potential VVA-binding glycoproteins may play an important role in HT development. LTF and MASP-1 expression was significantly higher in the serum of HT and PTC patients, providing novel insight into HT and PTC.