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Recommendation can be reduced to a sub-problem of link prediction, with specific nodes (users and items) and links (similar relations among users/items, and interactions between users and items). However, the previous link prediction algorithms need to be modified to suit the recommendation cases since they do not consider the separation of these two fundamental relations: similar or dissimilar and like or dislike. In this paper, we propose a novel and unified way to solve this problem, which models the relation duality using complex number. Under this representation, the previous works can directly reuse. In experiments with the MovieLens dataset and the Android software website AppChina.com, the presented approach achieves significant performance improvement comparing with other popular recommendation algorithms both in accuracy and coverage. Besides, our results revealed some new findings. First, it is observed that the performance is improved when the user and item popularities are taken into account. Second, the item popularity plays a more important role than the user popularity does in final recommendation. Since its notable performance, we are working to apply it in a commercial setting, AppChina.com website, for application recommendation.

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