Puerperal sepsis continues to present a significant risk of maternal mortality in developing countries. The risk factors are unbooked women, home delivery, perineal trauma, caesarean section and maternal age <24 years. S. aureus and E. coli are the commonest isolated organisms. There is a need to enlighten the populace on the need for booking, skilled attendant at delivery and hospital delivery under aseptic conditions.

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Background: Over 50% of cases of otitis media are caused by bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common aetiologic agent implicated in the pathology of the disease. Objectives: This study is designed to examine the influence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in otitis media disease, and further look at the susceptibility pattern of the organism to commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs. Methods: Eighty two (82) swab samples were randomly collected from otitis media patients attending the ENT clinic of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital and cultured for bacterial recovery. Further biochemical tests were conducted. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed and susceptibility pattern recorded. Results: Nineteen (19) samples yielded growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which gives a recovery rate of 23.2%. The rate was higher among males (12.2%) than females (11.0%). The rate of isolation was highest among patients of the age category of 0-14yrs (11.0%) and least among those of >44yrs (2.0%). Isolates were highly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin and Peflacin but highly resistant to Nalidixic acid and Ampicillin. Conclusions: The infection is highest among children whose immune competence is still developing and as such, it is recommended that treatment should be based on results obtained from in-vitro susceptibility test, and that combination therapy should be considered to forestall chances of emergence of drug resistance.

The major innate barrier to the establishment of infections in internal tissues is the skin, the disruption of which leads to wound formation. Such wounds can be contaminated by bacterial pathogens thereby hampering the healing process and its management becomes resource demanding. Here, we assess the diversity of potential bacterial pathogens in the infection of different types of wounds among hospitalized patients. Three hundred and twenty wound swab samples were collected and processed via microscopy, and cultured on Blood, MacConkey and Chocolate Agar. Isolates were further confirmed using biochemical tests and Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test was used to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. 87.5% of samples collected yielded bacterial growth comprising of single bacterial isolates (52.17%) and polymicrobial/mixed growth (47.82%). Staphylococcus aureus (32.61%) was the most prevalent bacterial specie identified. Gram-negative bacteria (62.33%) were the most pervasive group, chief among which were E. coli (23.64%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.13%). Rate of infection was highest among Wound sepsis and Burns wound where Enterobacter spp. and Streptococcus spp. were the most prevalent respectively. Differences in wound type in relation to rate of infection with Gram-negative bacteria was statistically significant (f = 5.9592; df = 29; p-value = 0.001645; p < 0.01; Mean ± SD = 7.633 ± 6.3706). Resistivity profile of isolates has shown that the most significant resistance rate was against Amoxicillin and Ampicillin, among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria identified respectively. This suggests that wounds can be infected by potential bacterial pathogens which can exacerbate the progression of the wound and complicate the healing process.

Aims:We analysed the prevalence of plasmid mediated multidrug resistance among Proteus spp isolated from wound infection patients attending healthcare centers in Maiduguri. Methodology: 320 wound swab samples were collected from August 2016 to June 2017, and investigated via microscopy, cultured on Blood agar and MacConkey agar. Suspected Proteus spp isolates were further confirmed using biochemical tests. Kirby bauer disc diffusion test was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Isolates confirmed to be multidrug resistant (MDR) were subjected to gel electrophoresis for the determination of plasmid profile. Results: Twenty eight (28) samples yielded Proteus spp, giving a prevalence rate of 8.75%. Original Research Article2 =7.342, p>0.01). Plasmid profile analysis revealed that 72.22% of the MDR isolates harbour plasmids with a DNA fragment size of 100 bp and a molecular weight of 31ng/10µl. An average of 7.22% of MDR isolates were cured of their plasmids while an average of 56.67% of MDR isolates resisted curing. Conclusion: Here, we report a high prevalence of multidrug resistance and a high rate of plasmid carrying strains of Proteus spp in wounds of hospitalised patients. We suggest that there is a role played by plasmid in the mediation of multidrug resistance among the MDR Proteus spp isolated, where the majority of the MDR isolates observed carry plasmids.