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In deep-sea oil and gas development, the problem faced by traditional materials is to consider the driving force of new material application. Soft matter science involves many fields such as mechanics, physics, biology, materials, chemistry and so on. It is regarded as a science in the 21st century and has received widespread attention in the world in recent years. The composition of soft matter is complex, and its motion does not depend on the atomic or molecular scale quantum mechanical action in the constituent units. During installation and service of deep water oil and gas transmission pipelines, the stress conditions are complicated, which not only meet the conditions of single load such as external hydrostatic pressure and bending moment, but also meet the conditions of combined action of external hydrostatic pressure and bending moment. The research and large-scale application of the physical mechanism of intelligent materials will lead to a major revolution in the development of material physics science. This paper analyzes the application and performance of intelligent soft materials in oil and gas exploitation.