Background: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA), which causes perioperative complications, is the foundation of surgical treatment for acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD). To extensively replace the dissected aorta and avoid the negative impacts of HCA, we developed an "aorta-clamp" technique and examined its efficacy in repairing AAAD.Methods: From November 2014 to August 2016, we recruited 59 consecutive patients (51.3±10.9 years) with AAAD into this study. We performed total arch replacement combined with an elephant trunk implantation using the "aorta-clamp" technique under a 30 ℃ HCA with continual bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion. Results:The average HCA time was 4.9±1.0 min. Twenty-three patients had increased serum creatinine (sCr) before surgery, suggesting an AAAD-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). The sCr level returned to normal in five patients after operation and in 15 before discharge. Six patients (10.2%) with preoperative AKI required postoperative dialysis, and two of these patients (3.4%) died of multiple organ failure. Two patients (3.4%) required re-exploration due to bleeding. One patient (1.7%) exhibited temporary neurologic deficits. There were no late deaths. Computed tomography (CT) examination confirmed the patency of the anastomotic sites and thrombus obliteration of the residual false lumen.Conclusions: Using the "aorta-clamp" technique with continual bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion, total arch replacement combined with an elephant trunk implantation can be performed under five minutes of mild (30 ℃) HCA. Our data suggest that this technique for the surgical repair of AAAD is a safe, feasible and effective surgical approach with satisfactory early outcomes.

Objectives The frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique has become an important tool in the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of long FET on spinal cord injury (SCI) and distal aortic remodeling after acute type A aortic dissection based on clinical and radiological outcomes. Methods From January 2018 to November 2019, 158 patients (mean age 51.8 years [range: 32–78 years], 88.6% male) with acute type A aortic dissection were treated by FET with 100 mm (n = 113) or 150 mm (n = 45) open hybrid stent graft prosthesis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the length of FET. The clinical and radiological outcomes of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results Postoperative outcomes did not differ significantly: in‐hospital mortality (9.7% vs. 6.7%, p = .758) and SCI (5.3% vs. 2.2%, p = .674). Aortic remodeling, which was evaluated by aortic diameter, true lumen diameter, false lumen (FL) diameter and the rate of FL complete thrombosis, was more positive in long FET group in the descending thoracic aorta during the follow‐up period. At the abdominal level, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions The long version of FET does not increase the risk of SCI in patients with acute type A aortic dissection. The application of long FET can achieve better results in terms of remodeling of the thoracic aorta in the short‐ and medium‐term follow‐up.

Background: Progressive dilatation is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). Studies have shown that the development and progression of TAAs are closely related to immune regulatory pathways and genes. Therefore, it is important to understand the immune regulatory mechanisms and biomarkers of TAA dilatation.Methods: Systematic bioinformatics analysis was applied, including linear models for microarray data (LIMMA) differential expression analyses, principal component analysis (PCA), immunocyte identification, and genetic function enrichment analysis.Results: Our results showed that both aortic intima-media (AMed) and outer aortic adventitia (AAdv) tissues were closely associated with T cell activation during the process of tricuspid aortic valve (TAV)associated TAA dilation. Additionally, the degree of infiltration of resting memory CD4+ T cells was linked to both AAdv and AMed vascular dilation. The core regulators PPTRC, IL1B, CD4, CD3G, and IL2RA were also identified and are closely related to resting memory CD4+ T cell infiltration in this pathological process. Conclusions:The candidate genes PPTRC, IL1B, CD4, CD3G, and IL2RA were involved in the regulation of resting memory CD4 T cell tissue infiltration, which is closely related to the process of AAdv and AMed vascular dilation in TAV patients.