Kawasan Kutub Utara memiliki jalur perdagangan maritim yang akses penggunaannya menjadi perseteruan banyak negara di dunia. Dua jalur yang paling dikontestasikan, Northwest Passage (NWP) dan Northern Sea Route (NSR), dikontrol mayoritasnya oleh Kanada dan Rusia secara berurutan. Ketiadaan pemerintahan di Kawasan Arktik tampak melalui proliferasi penggunaan jalur perdagangan maritim di kawasan tersebut, yang juga berkorelasi terhadap percepatan pencairan es dan naiknya permukaan air laut global sebesar 4 mm/ tahun. Indonesia juga mengalami peningkatan permukaan air laut, yang semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya, dan salah satu akibatnya adalah pencairan es Arktik. Penelitian berjenis kualitatif preskriptif ini ditujukan untuk menemukan bagaimana SDGs ke-13 serta isu proliferasi perdagangan kawasan Arktik diikutsertakan dalam perumusan strategi Arktik Indonesia. Ditemukan bahwasanya Indonesia telah memulai langkah mitigasi terhadap isu tersebut dengan rencana dari Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. Pemerintah Indonesia tengah merumuskan strategi urusan Arktik, yang berpedoman pada SDGs ke-13 beserta isu proliferasi jalur perdagangan maritim. Namun, kekurangan dalam perumusan kebijakan tersebut meliputi kurangnya fasilitas riset Arktik, diseminasi isu tersebut ke publik dan dunia akademik Indonesia, serta pembangunan kepentingan politis domestik tentang isu tersebut.

Food-related issues affecting many people have long been a point of concern for nations, including Indonesia. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) and Joko Widodo (Jokowi) had signed policies for food resilient policies that were riddled with problems such as land rights misallocation. Therefore, this research is conducted to answer research questions, including the comparison of food estate policies during the SBY and Jokowi, the act of securitization by both governments using food estate policies, and the inclusion of local farmers or people’s interest in the implementation of food estate policy strategies. The descriptive approach explains the impact and insufficiencies of policy implementation in their respective regimes. The comparison technique is called Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), focusing on seeking the most similar out of the most different. The securitization concept is used to define a wide-ranging strategy utilized to reduce food vulnerabilities. This research showcased several differences between each regime’s national food securitization attempts, especially regarding the involvement of military mechanisms in Jokowi’s food estate. This research proved the existence of securitization attempts in each regime’s policy implementation, with problems relating to land access and lack of local farmers’ agencies. Researchers found that this is partially caused by limited government understanding surrounding food security, which only persisted on availability instead of sustainability.