The Tibetan Plateau is the highest and one of the most demanding environments ever inhabited by humans. We investigated the timing and mechanisms of its initial colonization at the Nwya Devu site, located nearly 4600 meters above sea level. This site, dating from 40,000 to 30,000 years ago, is the highest Paleolithic archaeological site yet identified globally. Nwya Devu has yielded an abundant blade tool assemblage, indicating hitherto-unknown capacities for the survival of modern humans who camped in this environment. This site deepens the history of the peopling of the “roof of the world” and the antiquity of human high-altitude occupations more generally.

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Abstract-With the application of semantic Web service and semantic Grid service, the similarity measure between services are more and more important in the processing of service matching. By formally defining the similarity of semantic services, useful information can be obtained about their similarity and compatibility. In this paper, we propose a concept similarity matching method based on semantic distance in service matching. Uses OWL-S to descript service, the algorithm computes semantic similarity of service in four macro steps. At last, we provide an experimental comparison of our method against traditional similarity measures, and prove empirically the benefits of our approach.

Background:The PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 gene variants have been found to cause NAFLD with a favourable cardiovascular risk profile. Aims:To investigate the effects of the NAFLD risk alleles on the all-cause and causespecific mortality in 5581 Chinese adults. Methods:The genome-wide genotypes were detected using a genotyping array and serum lipoprotein profiles were examined using 1H NMR platform. Liver fat content (LFC) was measured using a quantitative ultrasound method. The vital status was determined using official registration data.Results: Genome-wide association analysis showed that a series of variants in PNPLA3 were associated with LFC, including rs738409 C>G variant (P = 8.6 × 10 −7 ). Further analyses validated the associations of TM6SF2 rs58542926 C>T and MBOAT7 rs641738 C>T variants with NAFLD. During 29 425.1 person-years of follow-up, the overall mortality was 816 per 100 000 person-years, where 299 deaths were attributable to cardiovascular disease and 85 to liver disease. The PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G variant was independently associated with increased liver-specific mortality (P for trend = 0.034) but reduced cardiovascular mortality (P for trend = 0.047).