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PurposeTo introduce novel findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)MethodsThis study is a retrospective chart review of 16 patients (16 eyes) with PCV. OCTA (Avanti RTVue XR) findings were evaluated and selected for analysis after agreement by two retina specialists .ResultsTwenty one polyps in 16 eyes (16 patients) with PCV were included in this study. The mean patient age was 67 years (13 men and three women). The shape of polypoidal lesions on OCTA at initial were halo (five polyps), rosette (seven polyps), and vascular network (nine polyps). Eight months after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, in a total of four eyes, seven polyps could be followed up completely, the two halo type polypoidal lesions changed to rosette and vascular network type. The lesions of three rosette and two vascular network type lesions did not change in shape. In addition, the size of the polypoidal lesions (one among two halo types, two among three rosette types, and two among two vascular network types) decreased, but one halo type did not change and one rosette type increased in size on OCTA.ConclusionsEn-face OCTA enabled us to categorize novel types of PCV with polypoidal lesions.

To report on an epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris that was successfully treated with needle aspiration and Ab externo laser photocoagulation. A 6-year-old boy was treated for a 6.0 mm fluid-filled cyst in the anterior chamber of the right eye. Thirteen months previously, he had undergone primary closure of a 6 mm full-thickness corneal laceration. The subsequent cyst was diagnosed as an epithelial inclusion cyst of the iris. His vision decreased to finger-count at 30 cm as the cyst grew over the pupil. We performed needle aspiration of the cyst and Ab externo laser photocoagulation of the cyst wall. The treated lesion was completely removed. The patient's visual acuity recovered to 20/40 without complications. There was no recurrence as determined by slit lamp examination up to 6 months after treatment. Needle aspiration and Ab externo laser photocoagulation can be used to effectively treat epithelial inclusion cysts of the iris.

Purpose: To determine the diurnal variation in choroidal thickness and choriocapillaris flow measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) Methods: This study was a prospective study of 15 normal, young volunteers (30 eyes) who underwent OCT and OCTA examination 5 times a day at 2-hour intervals. Choroidal and choriocapillaris thicknesses were measured with the enhanced depth imaging mode of OCT. The area of flow was measured in 1-, 3-, and 6-mm-diameter areas centered at the fovea and analyzed with the split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography algorithm of OCTA. Choroidal and choriocapillaris thicknesses and flows were analyzed independently by two vitreoretinal specialists. Results: Choroidal thickness showed a significant diurnal variation. The maximum thickness was 311.31 μm at 9 a.m., and the minimum thickness was 266.75 μm at 5 p.m. (p < 0.001). In contrast, the mean choriocapillaris thickness was 15.14 μm, and remained relatively constant without a significant diurnal variation (p = 0.694). The mean choriocapillaris flow area was 0.45 mm 2 (p = 0.238) in a 1 mm area, 4.22 mm 2 (p = 0.230) in a 3-mm diameter area, and 16.94 mm 2 (p = 0.062) in a 6-mm diameter area. No diurnal variation was observed. Conclusions: Despite significant diurnal variation in choroidal thickness, choriocapillaris thickness and flow remained relatively constant over time.