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We investigated the changes in the population size and inter-specific space usage for breeding in mixed breeding sites of the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), grey heron (Ardea cinerea), great egret (Ardea alba modesta) and intermediate egret (Egretta intermedia) in Gammul-myeon, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea, in 2016-2017. These species bred in two adjacent habitats (site A and site B). The number of breeding pairs of all species and the size of the breeding area at site B increased in 2017. In 2017, great cormorants at site B occupied the breeding sites previously occupied by the other species in 2016, while the grey heron and great egret occupied the sites around the great cormorant breeding site. The heights of nest trees and nests of great cormorant and grey heron did not differ temporally, but these heights in site B were significantly higher than those in site A for great cormorants. For great egrets, these greatly decreased in site B in 2017. Thus, the great cormorant either moved to favourable nest sites for breeding success or selected nest sites used by the herons in the previous year. Further studies of these two possibilities are necessary.

The present study documented the characteristics of habitats and nests of Goshawk [Northern goshawk] Accipiter gentilis breeding in Gongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do and Haepyung, Kyungsangbuk-do, Eumsung-gun, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do from April 2007 to August 2011. Breeding habitat includes of mixes and deciduous trees and ravine forest, ranging from small to large areas and it used make a new nest and fix up the old nest at Goshawk. Goshawk make nests on Japanese larch Larix leptolepis, Japanese red pine Pinus densiflora and Pitch pine Pinus rigidae of 15.8±2.36m (range=7.4∼ 18.7m) in height and 34.6±7.38cm (range=20.8∼47.4cm) in diameter-at-breast height (DBH). It has 135.8±3.37cm in outer diameter of nest, 26.2±2.39cm in inner diameter, 7.1±1.41cm of depth, and 3.1±0.40Kg of weight. Breeding habitat (n=13) has 5∼7 nests. It has 7 (53.8%) nest in fix up the old nest and 4 (30.8%)nests in make a new nest.

We investigated the avifauna in Woo-myeon mountain from July 12 and October 23 to 24, 2012. A total 798 birds of 48 species and 8 species mammals were recorded during consensus. Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) was the most abundant species. Vinous-throated parrotbill(Paradoxornis webbianus) and Brown-eared Bulbul (Microcellis amaurotis) were major dominant species. Eurasian red vulgaris (Sciurus vulgaris) and Siberian chipmunk(Tamias sibiricus) were the most abundant species. We researched the censuses of birds and mammals in summer and autumn, at Woo-myeon mountain, Seoul. We classified 4 types; 25 residents, 16 summer visitors, 5 winter visitors and 2 passage migrants birds. We identified the mammals by tunnel, saw, song, and foot print, etc.

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