In spite of the sizable growth in the number of empirical studies tackledthe distributed form of leadership over the past decade, the bulk of this research isa case study. Relatively few published studies have investigated the impact of distributed leadership on school improvement; therefore, the current paper attempts to investigate TESOL teachers'perceptions towards distributed leadership and school improvement. The theoretical framework for this study is grounded on the multifactor transformational/transactional leadership model (Bass, 1985(Bass, , 1990Bass & Avolio, 2000). Two TESOL teachers from two different schools, in Pulau Penang, were interviewed regarding this phenomenon, which is still in its infancy stage. The study encourages a distributed leadership perspectivethat assists in building the academic capacity of schools as a means of improvement. Besides, it argues that the distributed perspective proposes an important theoretical lens through which leadership practiceswithin a school can be reconfigured and reconceptualised.The findingsshow that there are two different applied forms of leadership in the two schools. On the one hand, the first interviewee reveals her approving perceptions towards the distributed form of leadership as she praises the principal's characteristics, whilst the second interviewee, on the other hand, expresses her disapproving perceptions towards the control form of leadership through criticising the current principal's characteristics. A further finding exposes that the prevailingdistributed form of leadership does contribute to the school improvement. On the contrary, the current control form of leadership in the other school produces school's deterioration.

<p class="apa">Prior to the vital role that social capital plays in accomplishing prosperity for any educational tertiary institution, it was emphasised in several countries’ agendas, including the Sultanate of Oman. This study endeavours to explore the impediments facing the enhancement of the social capital in Omani educational tertiary institutions through the lens of community engagement. A case study method employing a purely qualitative approach was employed at one of the six public Colleges of Applied Sciences in Oman. Twelve academicians were purposively semi-structured interviewed. Performing the thematic analysis technique, the results revealed more than ten key impediments. Some implications to stakeholders were illustrated and several suggestions were provided for better performances in terms of this specific capital.</p>

The way education is being delivered has been altered via the rapid development of computer technology. This is especially the case in the delivery of English language teaching where the combination of various variables is pertinent to computer attitudes to enhance instructional outcomes. This paper reports the study undertaken to elucidate whether the correlation exists between TESOL in-service teachers' attitudes towards computer and their computer attributes scale and to explore the proportion of variance in TESOL in-service teachers' attitudes towards computer that can be explained by their cultural perception scale and computer competence scale. A questionnaire (ATCT) was utilized to obtain the necessary information about teachers' characteristics, their computer attributes, cultural perceptions, computer competence and attitudes of the sample (45) TESOL in-service teachers at Universiti Sains Malaysia. The results revealed that there was a significant correlation between teachers' computer attitudes and computer attributes. A further finding revealed that both of cultural perception scale and computer competence scale were predictors of teachers' computer attitudes; yet, cultural perception scale was the best predictor. Suggestions based on these outcomes have been offered in this paper.

Undoubtedly, CD-ROM dictionaries assist in removing the fear of inadequacy in language usage and ameliorating the panic of being-on-the-spot especially with the rapid development of information technology. This research was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between pre-service TESOL teachers' attitudes towards using CD-ROM dictionaries and certain criteria (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, functions and multimedia content). The theoretical framework for the study was drawn from TAM model. A modified questionnaire was utilised with employing a mixed-method approach using two sampling techniques (Purposive and Random) to pre-service TESOL teachers. The finding exposed a positive significant correlation between attitudes towards using CD-ROM dictionaries and criteria. A further finding exhibited that the CD-ROM dictionaries do assist learning the four main language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking) and the subsidiary skills (grammar, punctuation and pronunciation).

Rapid technological advances in communication technologies and computational power are altering the nature ofknowledge, skills, talents and the know-how of individuals. A CD-ROM dictionary is an interesting and effectiveteaching tool, which captures pre-service teachers’ interest and does much more than just translates especially withthe availability of a variety of resources to support language learning and teaching. This research reports on thestudy undertaken to determine whether some factors (gender and year of study) affect pre-service TESOL teachers’attitudes towards using CD-ROM dictionaries. The theoretical framework for the study is drawn from Diffusion ofinnovations’ theory by Rogers (1995) and TAM model by Davis (1986; 1989). A modified questionnaire isemployed to obtain the necessary information on pre-service TESOL teachers’ backgrounds, their attitudes towardsusing CD-ROM dictionaries, and certain factors. A total of (80) pre-service TESOL teacher at a Malaysian highereducational institution was purposively selected for the quantitative data. The findings exhibit that the respondents’gender does not affect their attitudes towards using CD-ROM dictionaries. However, a significant difference isrevealed, through employing one-way analysis of group variance (ANOVA), in the mean scores of pre-serviceTESOL teachers’ attitudes among the first, second and third year. Finally, it is concluded that the CD-ROMdictionary is a way of encoding all relevant information associated with lexical entries in a manner easily accessibleto users.