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Concrete defect information is of vital importance to building maintenance. Increasingly, computer vision has been explored for automated concrete defect detection. However, existing studies suffer from the challenging issue of false positives. In addition, 3D reconstruction of the defects to pinpoint their positions and geometries has not been sufficiently explored. To address these limitations, this study proposes a novel computational approach for detecting and reconstructing concrete defects from geotagged aerial images. A bundle registration algorithm is devised to align a batch of aerial photographs with a building information model (BIM). The registration enables the retrieval of material semantics in BIM to determine the regions of interest for defect detection. It helps rectify the camera poses of the aerial images, enabling precise defect reconstruction.Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, which significantly reduced the false discovery rate from 70.8% to 56.8%, resulting in an intersection over union 6.4% higher than that of the traditional method. The geometry of the defects was successfully reconstructed in 3D world space. This study opens a new avenue to advance the field of defect detection by exploiting the rich information from BIM. The approach can be deployed at scale, supporting urban renovation, numerical simulation, and other smart applications.

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