The strong immunogenicity induction is the powerful weapon to prevent the virus infections. This study demonstrated that one-step synthesis of DNA polyplex vaccine in microneedle (MN) patches can induce high immunogenicity through intradermal vaccination and increase the vaccine stability for storage outside the cold chain. More negative charged DNA vaccine was entrapped into the needle region of MNs followed by DNA polyplex formation with branched polyethylenimine (bPEI) pre-coated in the cavities of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds that can deliver more DNA vaccine to immune-cell rich epidermis with high transfection efficiency. Our data in this study support the safety and immunogenicity of the MN-based vaccine; the MN patch delivery system induced an immune response 3.5-fold as strong as seen with conventional intramuscular administration; the DNA polyplex formulation provided excellent vaccine stability at high temperature (could be stored at 45ºC for at least 4 months); the DNA vaccine is expected to be manufactured at low cost and not generate sharps waste. We think this study is significant to public health because there is a pressing need for an effective vaccination in developing countries.

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A simple and accurate device for early detection of malignancies is paramount for prompt treatment and prevention of metastases. In this study, we describe a novel fabrication method for producing an ordered nanogold-dot array with strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and narrow bandwidth. The array was used as an optical biosensing chip for the detection of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) in human serum. The biochip was constructed by conjugating an anti-VEGF antibody, a specific biorecognition element for VEGF165, onto the array via the fragment crystallizable (F) region of the antibody, ultimately increasing the efficiency of VEGF165 detection. The resulting biochip was sensitive, had a wide linear detection range (0.01-100 ng/mL), was specific for VEGF165 (showing no interference when challenged with glucose and ascorbic acid), and characterized by an excellent stability (allowing storage and transportation at room temperature). Owing to the good correlations of VEGF165 measurements obtained with ELISA, we believe that our chip holds promise as a tool for early diagnosis of cancer.