A range of factors were associated with compliance to antimicrobial therapy, including understanding of the treatment, gender, age, home address, education level, and family income.

Background Currently, pharmacists occupy a non-mainstream position in China's healthcare system, and there has been little research concerning the interaction among pharmacists' psychological status, work engagement, and other aspects of the healthcare system and relationship with their work. Our study examined the basic situation of Chinese pharmacists and investigated the relationship among pharmacists' perceived organizational support, resilience, and engagement when working in a competitive environment. Objective To investigate the awareness of perceived organizational support among pharmacists at Chinese hospitals, analyze the correlation between perceived organizational support and short-term resilience and work engagement scale scores after frustration, and examine the effect of various factors on pharmacists' work engagement in a stressful and competitive work environment. Method An electronic questionnaire survey was made available to 300 pharmacists at Chinese hospitals, and these pharmacists were engaged in intensely competitive work within their respective hospitals. The questionnaire survey employed the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and Perceived Organizational Support Scale (POS). IBM SPSS Statistics Version 19.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results A total of 295 of the 300 questionnaires were recovered, for a valid questionnaire rate of 98.33% (n = 295). The 3 scales used in this study where scored on 5-point Likert scales; the BRS-6 scale assessed resilience, and a mean value of 3.43 points was obtained; the UWES-9 scale assessed employee engagement, and a mean value of 3.63 points was obtained; and the POS-8 scale assessed perceived organizational support, and a mean value of 3.35 points was obtained. These results indicated that the pharmacists had above average perceived organizational support, short-term resilience, and work engagement. We found that the BRS had a Pearson correlation of 0.553 with the UWES and that the POS had a Pearson correlation of 0.663 (P＜0.01) with the UWES, revealing that there was a significant correlation between the pharmacists' perceived organizational support, short-term resilience, and engagement. Conclusions This study found that pharmacists possessing relatively strong short-term resilience and receiving extensive perceived support from their organizations are able to more effectively engage with their everyday work, a result that indicated that the perception of receiving organizational support and the possession of short-term resilience have a significant connection with employees' work engagement.

Digital teaching resources are the core cornerstone of educational informationization. Their construction and application level determine the pace of educational modernization. Digital teaching resources for basic education are an effective guarantee to solve the problem of educational equity in urban and rural areas and promote the co-construction and sharing of high-quality scientific and technological education information resources. Based on the reality of uneven distribution of basic education resources in different regions of China, taking physical education courses in Yueyang District of Hunan Province as an example, this paper studies the problems existing in the construction and application of digital teaching resources in regional basic education, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, which can provide reference for the reform and development of information-based teaching in basic education in relevant regions of China.

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Objectives Our goal was to explore the pharmaceutical service and teaching methods of obstetric clinical pharmacists to establish standardised pharmaceutical care procedures for obstetric diseases. Methods According to the evidence-based medicine method, the “Standard of Pharmaceutical Care” was established to standardise the procedure and content of the pharmaceutical care procedure including preface, purpose, scope of application, responsibilities, procedures, references, and appendix, with seven parts in total. The object of the pharmaceutical care procedure was selected by the harmfulness of the disease and the drugs used. The clinical pharmacists in obstetrics formulated the pharmaceutical care procedure for each disease according to the standard and carried out clinical practice and teaching. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the impact of the pharmaceutical care procedure before and after its implementation on both clinical practice and training. Obstetric pharmaceutical consultation and adverse reaction were the key indicators for clinical practice. The graduation assessment for students was strictly carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Chinese Hospital Association Pharmaceutical Affairs Professional Committee including communication and consultation capacity interview, case assessment, and training procedure assessment. Results We established the standards for the pharmaceutical care procedures for three diseases: pregnancy with diabetes; pregnancy with thyroid disease; and pregnancy with hypertensive disorder. The clinical pharmacist conducted the pharmaceutical care procedure, participated in drug treatment management, and improved the recognition of the role of clinical pharmacists by the obstetric clinicians, often inviting the clinical pharmacists to participate in the consultations. The clinical pharmacists discovered and addressed any adverse reactions in a timely manner through patient drug education, subsequently reducing the underreporting of adverse reactions and improving the patient's medication compliance, which aimed to improve the medical quality of patients in our hospital. Second, the use of the pharmaceutical care procedure as a teaching tool helped to train students to grasp the key points of drug treatment and care of the disease and improve the students' scores in the graduation assessment (P<0.05). Conclusions As a pharmacy service and teaching method that can be promoted and implemented, the pharmaceutical care procedure is beneficial for clinical pharmacists to carry out in-depth pharmaceutical services and can also be used as a teaching tool for clinical pharmacist training.