Gastric bronchogenic cysts are rare lesions, first described in 1956, with only 34 cases reported in the literature to date. The present study described a case of bronchogenic cyst of the stomach in a 17-year-old female who presented with periodic epigastric pain. In addition, the study analyzed the existing literature on these lesions. Gastric bronchogenic cysts are more common in females (female:male ratio, 21:14) and the median age of their development is 43 years. In total, 48.57% of the 34 previously reported cases were identified incidentally, and the remainder presented mainly with epigastric pain. Cyst sizes varied between 1.7 and 15 cm. In 3 cases, preoperative diagnosis was performed using needle biopsy, whereas several studies were initially misdiagnosed as stromal tumors. In 85% of the cases (31/35), cyst resection was performed, with laparoscopy used in 4 of the cases. The findings of the present study and literature review suggested that bronchogenic cysts of the stomach are rare, and surgical resection is warranted to treat symptoms and prevent malignant transformation.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown origin characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas. Thoracic involvement is the most common presentation; however, sarcoidosis can involve almost any other organ. To the best of our knowledge there have been only 10 cases of splenic sarcoidosis reported in the English literature, with no reports of sarcoidosis of an accessory spleen. The present study reports a case of isolated sarcoidosis of an accessory spleen in the greater omentum, which was identified postoperatively in a 44-year-old female. Chest X-ray results were normal. Gastric endoscopy demonstrated an ulcer in the antrum, which was confirmed to be a signet-ring cell carcinoma via biopsy. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed mild thickening of the posterior antrum, and a mass in the inferior pole of the left kidney. Intraoperatively, no masses were detected in the liver and spleen. Moreover, no enlarged lymph nodes were detected in the abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity, mesenteric and para-aorta. Following a radical distal gastrectomy and left radical nephrectomy, postoperative pathology demonstrated signet-ring cell carcinoma in the antrum, left renal clear cell cancer and a red lesion measuring 0.5×0.5 cm in the greater omentum, which was similar to the spleen in the splenic cavity and was regarded as an accessory spleen. Following exclusion of fungi and acid-fast bacilli as causative agents, sarcoidosis of the accessory spleen in the greater omentum was confirmed. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on day 8 postoperation. The patient remained alive after two-year follow-up without sarcoidosis and malignant tumor recurrence. The present case demonstrated that, intraoperatively, comprehensive exploration should be conducted to exclude the accessory spleen, which may also suffer from sarcoidosis.