ObjectivesThe present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge on peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) maintenance among nurses in China and to analyse the related factors influencing this variable.DesignA cross-sectional survey.SettingNinety-one hospitals at three different levels in Hunan Province, China: county hospitals, municipal hospitals and provincial hospitals.ParticipantsA total of 4110 registered nurses engaged in clinical work related to intravenous infusion.Primary and secondary outcome measuresNurses’ knowledge of PICC maintenance was measured by the score of an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire.ResultsThe mean score of PICC maintenance among 4110 nurses was 72.86±14.86. 83.5% of the participants exhibited a score of 60 or above, and 34.1% of them exhibited a good grade with a score of 80 or above. The difference in the correct rate among different dimensions was statistically significant (H=17.721, p<0.01). The generalised linear model indicated that the factors influencing the nurses’ PICC maintenance knowledge included gender, age, professional title, work setting and previous history of PICC maintenance training.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the knowledge of PICC maintenance was at a medium level among nurses in Hunan province, China. Multiple steps should be taken to improve the nurses’ PICC maintenance knowledge, including disseminating PICC maintenance knowledge in multiple ways, such as courses, lectures, seminars and new media. Particular attention should be given to populations who responded poorly in this survey, and targeted education for nurses should be distributed based on their performance on specific dimensions, such as the replacement of dressing and needle-free connectors. In addition, the quality of the nurses’ practical performance could be measured in the future.

Purpose The present study aimed to investigate nurses’ willingness and demand for Internet +home care services in different levels of hospitals in China and analyze the influencing factors. Participants and Methods From October 1 to December 31, 2021, 5714 nurses from 15 hospitals in five regions of China were recruited in this cross-sectional study using a two-stage random sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire with good reliability and validity was used to measure nurses’ willingness and demand for Internet +home care services. χ 2 test, Welch t -test, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results Nurses were highly willing to provide Internet +home care services. Statistical differences were found in the willingness to provide Internet +home care services and the preference for service distance, service platform, and single service fee between nurses in different levels of hospitals (both P<0.05). The willingness to provide “catheter maintenance service” and “rehabilitation nursing service” of nurses in different levels of hospitals were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Nurses’ demand for Internet +home care services increased with the level of their hospital. Multiple linear regression showed that professional title, educational level, monthly family income, and mortgage or car loan influence nurses’ demand for Internet +home care services. Conclusion Nurses’ willingness and demand for Internet +home care services vary with the level of their hospitals. It is recommended that government and hospitals regulate the service items, the service distance, single service fee, and other contents according to nurses’ willingness and demand and establish relevant laws and regulations to ensure the steady and orderly development of the Internet +home care services.

Background and Aim: The promotion of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) maintenance in primary hospitals can benefit discharged patients with PICCs living in remote areas a lot. Yet, no primary hospitals had introduced PICC maintenance technology in Hunan province, China. The present study aimed to evaluate nurses' attitudes and knowledge of PICC maintenance in primary hospitals in Hunan province, China. Materials and Methods: From November 2018 to January 2019, a total of 560 nurses from 28 community hospitals and 28 township hospitals in 14 cities across Hunan were recruited in the present study. All nurses were registered nurses engaged in clinical work related to intravenous infusion, and their attitudes and knowledge of PICC maintenance were measured by a self-designed questionnaire that was based on literature review and expert consultation. Results: The response rate was 93.6% (560 of 598). Almost all participants could realize the importance and necessity of PICC maintenance. More than 90% of the participants expressed interest in PICC maintenance and showed strong demands for relevant training. However, the nurses' correct response rate of most knowledge items was at a low level (7.14-57.68%), with only three items exhibiting the correct response rate of 90% or higher. The factors influencing the nurses' PICC maintenance knowledge included their nursing experience, professional title, work setting, and department. Conclusion: Although nurses in primary hospitals had a positive attitude toward PICC maintenance, their knowledge level was unsatisfactory, which might be a barrier to the promotion of PICC maintenance technology in primary hospitals in Hunan province, China. Multiple parties should get involved and take measures to improve the nurses' PICC maintenance knowledge, including the government, nursing associations, large-scale hospitals, and primary hospitals themselves. Besides, new training models and dynamic assessment methods should be explored to improve training effectiveness in the future.

Purpose Investigating psychological status and job burnout of nurses working in the frontline of the novel coronavirus in Zhangjiajie city in China during the Delta variant outbreak, comparing differences and analyzing factors of these two variables between the nurses from different nucleic acid testing (NAT) sites. Patients and methods This survey was conducted from August 1 to 31, 2021. The participants were 512 nurses, 198 nurses of whom were from temporary NAT sites in communities/towns in Zhangjiajie city, and the rest were from NAT sites inside hospitals. The psychological status and the job burnout were measured by the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Scale (MBI-GS). Results The prevalence of the SCL-90 positive result and job burnout were 49.4% and 61.1%, respectively. The factors influencing the psychological status of nurses included the contact with COVID-19 patients or their body fluids and specimens, working seniority and the duration of working in the frontline of the novel coronavirus. The independent risk factors of nurses’ job burnout included the following four factors. Firstly, the contact with COVID-19 patients or their body fluids and specimens (OR=150.95, 95% CI=(44.87,507.77), P<0.001). Secondly, five to nine years of working seniority (OR=8.91, 95% CI=(3.59,22.14), P<0.001). Thirdly, 10 to 19 days (OR=2.63, 95% CI=(1.19,5.82), P=0.017), 20 to 29 days (OR=161.31, 95% CI=(49.48,525.9), P<0.001). Lastly, more than 30 days (OR=92.05, 95% CI=(33.88,250.14), P<0.001) of working in the frontline of the novel coronavirus. Conclusion The prevalence of psychological problems and job burnout were at a high level among nurses working in the frontline of the novel coronavirus in different NAT sites. The nurses from NAT sites inside hospitals and temporary NAT sites in communities/towns in Zhangjiajie city had an equal risk of developing psychological problems and job burnout. Interventions need to be immediately implemented to promote psychological well-being and decrease job burnout of nurses.

Purpose The present study aims to evaluate the current situation of knowledge, attitude and practice of clinical nurses in catheter-related thrombosis, analyze its influencing factors, enhance the attention of nursing managers and clinical nurses about catheter-related thrombosis, and provide a basis for formulating catheter-related thrombosis training plan. Patients and Methods The research was conducted from January 1 to February 31, 2022, we recruited 549 nurses from two hospitals in Hunan province in this cross-sectional study using a two-stage random sampling method. We used a self-designed questionnaire with good reliability and validity to measure clinical nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward catheter-related thrombosis. We used χ 2 test, Welch t -test, and multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the data. Results The knowledge of clinical nurses about catheter-related thrombosis was insufficient (55.00%), while the attitude was positive (88.49%) and the practice was inadequate (68.62%). Knowledge of clinical nurses was significantly associated with job title (β: 1.069, P <0.001), educational level (β: 0.094, P <0.05), and training times (β: 0.085, P <0.05), which were positive factors while whether they are specialized nurses in intravenous therapy (β: −0.126, P <0.05), and hospital level (β: −0.101, P <0.05) were negative factors. Training times (β: 0.166, P <0.001), job title (β: 0.099, P <0.019), and hospital level (β: 0.090, P <0.05) were associated factors of attitude. Moreover, training times (β: 0.255, P <0.001) was the only factor associated with the practice. Conclusion Although clinical nurses hold a positive attitude towards catheter-related thrombosis, their knowledge level was unsatisfactory and their practice was affected by many factors, suggesting that nursing managers should strengthen the training and skill assessment of catheter-related thrombosis. At the same time, the hospital can formulate relevant rules, regulations, and guidelines to reduce the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis.