No abstract

Purpose. To evaluate visual acuity (VA) and refractive status in patients with cataract and irregular astigmatism with a regular central component after phacoemulsification with implantation of a toric intraocular lens (IOL). Methods. Patients with cataract associated with irregular astigmatism with a regular central component were enrolled. All patients underwent phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. Postoperative visual acuity, residual astigmatism, toric IOL rotation, higher-order aberration, and objective and subjective visual quality were measured 3 months after surgery. Results. Twenty-three eyes were included in the study. The logMAR corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity values were decreased at 3 months postoperatively (p < 0.005). The preoperative average corneal astigmatism and postoperative residual astigmatism were 1.15–6.97 D (1.99 ± 1.26 D) and 0–2.75 D (0.65 ± 0.57 D), respectively. The average IOL rotation was 3.17 ± 2.01°. Some objective indicators of visual quality, including the modulation transfer function (p < 0.05), Strehl ratio (p < 0.005), 100% VA (p < 0.005), 20% VA (p < 0.005), and 9% VA (p < 0.005), were significantly higher than the corresponding preoperative values. The objective scatter index (p < 0.005) was significantly lower than that before surgery. The postoperative VF-14 scale score was 83.99 ± 14.58. Conclusion. Toric IOL implantation has a good corrective effect on certain specific types of corneal irregular astigmatism with cataract. This effect can be attributed to its ability to correct the regular component of irregular astigmatism. The indications for toric IOL implantation could be expanded to some extent, thereby bringing benefit to more patients.

: The human genome project (HGP) announced in 2001 that it had sequenced the entire human genome, yielding nearly complete human DNA. About 98.5 percent of human genome has been found to be non-coding sequences. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a non-coding RNA with a length between 200 and 100,000 nucleotide units. Because of shallow research on lncRNA, it was believed that it had no biological functions, but exists as a by-product of the transcription process. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, studies have showed that lncRNA plays important roles in many processes by participating in epigenetics, transcription, translation and protein modification. Current researches have shown lncRNA also takes an important part in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a common disorder of bone metabolism, also a major medical and socioeconomic challenge worldwide. It is characterized by systemic reduction in bone mass and microstructure changes, which increases the risk of brittle fractures. It is more common to postmenopausal women and elderly men. However, the roles of lncRNA and relevant mechanisms in osteoporosis remain unclear. Based on this background, we hereby review the roles of lncRNA in osteoporosis, and how it influence the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which provides reference to clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of osteoporosis

Frailty is a multifactorial geriatric syndrome. The age-related cumulative decline across interrelated physiological systems and impaired homeostatic reserves results in the increased vulnerability to stressors, especially exposed to acute or chronic illness. 1,2 Accordingly, older adults with frailty are related to an increment risk for the adverse health outcomes, including falls, 1 institutionalization, 3 delirium, 4 disability, 5 and mortality. 6 It was estimated that the prevalence rate of frailty was 19.6% in China. 7 With advancing age, frailty progresses at a great rate, which poses a grave threat to public health.