Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in intercellular communication during tumor growth and metastatic evolution. Currently, little is known about the possible roles of tumor-derived EVs in sarcoma because the lack of specific surface markers makes it technically challenging to purify sarcomaderived EVs. In this study, a specific purification system is developed for Ewing sarcoma (ES)-derived EVs by coupling covalent chemistry-mediated EV capture/ release within a nanostructure-embedded microchip. The purification platform-ES-EV Click Chip-takes advantage of specific anti-LINGO-1 recognition and sensitive click chemistry-mediated EV capture, followed by disulfide cleavagedriven EV release. Since the device is capable of specific and efficient purification of intact ES EVs with high purity, ES-EV Click Chip is ideal for conducting downstream functional studies of ES EVs. Absolute quantification of the molecular hallmark of ES (i.e., EWS rearrangements) using reverse transcription Droplet Digital PCR enables specific quantification of ES EVs. The purified ES EVs can be internalized by recipient cells and transfer their mRNA cargoes, exhibiting their biological intactness and potential role as biological shuttles in intercellular communication.

Transcriptomic profiling of tumor tissues introduces a large database, which has led to improvements in the ability of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, performing tumor transcriptomic profiling in the clinical setting is very challenging since the procurement of tumor tissues is inherently limited by invasive sampling procedures. Here, the feasibility of purifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from clinical patient samples is demonstrated with improved molecular integrity using Click Chips in conjunction with a multimarker antibody cocktail. The purified CTCs are then subjected to messenger RNA profiling by NanoString nCounter platform, targeting 64 HCC‐specific genes, which are generated from an integrated data analysis framework with eight tissue‐based prognostic gene signatures from seven publicly available HCC transcriptomic studies. After bioinformatics analysis and comparison, the HCC CTC‐derived gene signatures show high concordance with HCC tissue‐derived gene signatures from the Cancer Genome Atlas database, suggesting that HCC CTCs purified by Click Chips can enable the translation of HCC tissue molecular profiling into a noninvasive setting.

Digital transformation is the direction that the Chinese construction industry is moving toward. This paper aims to investigate its current status, major barriers, and potential impact. To achieve this goal, a questionnaire survey was carried out. The results show that 80% of enterprises where the industry experts work have already formulated digital transformation plans or made plans. Additionally, BIM software was the most commonly used digital technology. Furthermore, “Data Fragmentation”, “Lack of Core Technology”, “Weak Digital Infrastructure Allocation”, “Lack of Technical Personnel”, and “Lack of Technical Standards” were prominent barriers. Moreover, digital transformation was perceived to affect the procurement management mostly at a project level, and to affect the governance performance mostly at an enterprise level. These findings can provide scholars and practitioners with an in-depth understanding of digital transformation in the Chinese construction industry. They might also help policymakers formulate appropriate policies to promote digital transformation.